Document Type

Article

Publication Date

1-2020

Publication Source

Journal of Fire Sciences

Abstract

For structural composites used in vehicles and aircraft, flame retardant chemistries which enhance char formation and reduce heat release are preferred. Phosphorus-based and phosphorus–nitrogen flame retardants for epoxies have been well studied to date, but phosphorus hydrazides have not been studied for their flame-retardant potential in epoxy. These hydrazides offer some novel structures and they can potentially offer a combination of vapor and condensed phase flame retardant action. A series of eight compounds were systematically investigated in this study as reactive flame retardants in a bisphenol F epoxy/aliphatic amine resin system at a level of 2.5 wt% phosphorus. Results suggest that the phosphorus hydrazides react with the epoxy during thermal decomposition, and they also release nitrogen during flaming combustion of the epoxy matrix. The observed reactions resulted in increased char yields and reduced total heat release, while simultaneously lowering heat of combustion and total smoke release.

Inclusive pages

28-52

ISBN/ISSN

0734-9041

Comments

The document available for download is the authors' accepted manuscript, provided in compliance with the publisher's policy on self-archiving. Permission documentation is on file.

To view the version of record, use the DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/0734904119890280

Publisher

Sage

Volume

38

Peer Reviewed

yes

Issue

1

Keywords

Flame retardant, phosphorus-hydrazide, epoxy, heat release

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