Title

A Motivational Hierarchy Within: Primacy of the Individual Self, Relational Self, or Collective Self?

Document Type

Article

Publication Date

9-2012

Publication Source

Journal of Experimental Social Psychology

Abstract

The individual self, relational self, and collective self are important and meaningful aspects of identity. However, they plausibly differ in their relative importance such that one self lies closer to the motivational core of the self-concept, better represent the “home base” of selfhood, or, simply stated, is motivationally primary. Four multi-method studies tested the relative motivational-primacy of the selves. Despite their disparate methods, the studies yielded consistent evidence of a three-tiered hierarchy with the individual self at the top, followed by the relational self, and trailed at the bottom by the collective self. The same hierarchy emerged in the Eastern culture of China and the Western cultures of the US and UK. Such pancultural consistency suggests that the motivational hierarchy is a fundamental pattern of the human self.

Inclusive pages

997-1013

ISBN/ISSN

0022-1031

Publisher

Elsevier

Volume

48

Issue

5

Peer Reviewed

yes

Keywords

self, motivation, culture

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