Abstract
Introduction: Breast cancer-related lymphedema (BCRL) is a chronic condition associated with breast cancer treatments. Tissue quality assessment, commonly performed using the pitting edema test, can also be quantified with digital tissue tonometry. However, the role of tonometry in early-stage BCRL — classified as Stages 0 and I by the International Society of Lymphology (ISL) — remains unclear.
Purpose: This pilot study aimed to assess the utility of tonometry in early-stage BCRL by evaluating tissue resistance (N), volume (ml), and circumference (cm) in healthy individuals and those with ISL Stage 0 and I lymphedema.
Methods: A convenience sample of females with BCRL, a history of breast cancer treatment, or neither condition participated in the study. Tissue stiffness was measured using the SkinFibroMeter® (Delfin Technologies) at standardized upper extremity locations. Circumferential measurements followed tissue quality assessments.
Results: No significant differences in tissue resistance (N) were observed between groups. While BMI did not differ between groups, significant differences were found in interlimb volume difference (p = 0.046) and percent difference (p = 0.04). Moderate correlations were noted between BMI and left and right volar forearm tissue resistance (p = 0.03, p = 0.04 respectively). No correlations were found between tissue resistance (N) and circumferential measurements (cm).
Conclusion: This pilot study suggests limited utility for tonometry in assessing early-stage BCRL. Further studies are needed to validate its role across the BCRL continuum.
First Page
32
Last Page
42
DOI
10.26890/qtpi9486
Recommended Citation
Almquist T, Schroeder G, Villegas I, Doubblestein DA. Tissue Quality in Early Stages of Breast Cancer-Related Lymphedema: A Pilot Study. Oncology Rehabilitation in Practice. 2025; 2(2):32-42. doi: 10.26890/qtpi9486.