The Brother Joseph W. Stander Symposium recognizes and celebrates academic excellence in undergraduate and graduate education. This annual event provides an opportunity for students from all disciplines to showcase their intellectual and artistic accomplishments. The Stander Symposium represents the Marianist tradition of education through community and is the principal campus-wide event in which faculty and students actualize our mission to be a "community of learners."
-
The Connections Between Art and Development in Children and Young Adults
Gabriela Maria Gomez Gomez
The arts play a part in the development of children and young adults. Engagement with art supports learning and adaptation to a wide variety of events in life that can affect a person at any age including: health issues and personal development.
-
The Discrete and Continuous Fourier Transform
Michael Kim Moreno
The decomposition of functions of time into functions of frequency has found a myriad of uses in physics and signal processing. Thus, Fourier transform methods have become an invaluable tool when trying to analyze and understand these systems. This talk will focus on the application of the Fourier Transform as it relates to the heat equation as well as the uses of the Discrete Time Fourier Transform and the Discrete Fourier transform in methods of signal processing.
-
The Dome: A Semiotic Analysis
John Francis, Michael Harmening, Bryan Kingsley, Jack Lisle
Students apply Symbolic Convergence Theory to analyze the significance of the blue cupola on the Chapel of the Immaculate Conception and explain how and why the dome and the Chapel reinforce existing fantasy sharing, themes and types.
-
The Echoes of the Beaten
Tyler Peter Lebegue
My poster will focus on police brutality. Police brutality has been a problem throughout history, and there still hasn’t been a solution for these actions in the present day. I will be presenting possible solutions to this problem. It is integral to be able to focus on the change that is needed so that George Floyd, Brionna Taylor, and so many others' lives were not lost in vain. I will be including the work of artist Kelly Latimore because she has been very influential on creating awareness through her artwork, specifically through the piece "Mama," which can be seen as a George Floyd as Jesus painting. This piece is a very unique articulation on police brutality. Another source will be the performativity of Colin Kaepernick who has risked his career to stand up for the victims of police brutality. Lastly, I will include the work of artist Kehinde Wiley to represent the need for the common good, and connect the artwork to represent the issue of police brutality.
-
The Effect of COVID-19 on Delirium in Elderly Hospitalized Patients
Katherine Elizabeth Perri, Elexa R. White
Delirium is a condition in which a patient experiences a serious decline in mental capabilities leading to a confused way of thinking, disorganized thoughts, and functional impairment. Delirium in hospitalized patients can lead to many complications during their hospital stay. “Compared with non-delirious patients, hospitalized delirious patients are more likely to develop functional impairment, be discharged to a facility, and be readmitted to the hospital” (LaHue 2020). To combat this issue, many hospitals have implemented programs to prevent delirium in elderly patients. The Hospital Elder Life Program (HELP) is a program at Miami Valley Hospital where volunteers visit patients ages 65 and above that meet specific criteria and engage them in mental and physical activities in order to lessen the risk for delirium. The impact of COVID-19 forced many hospitals to make policy changes which included closure of programs like HELP and other “ACE” units. “With many hospitals reaching or exceeding patient capacity during this pandemic, some ACE units have disbanded in order to reallocate resources for the care of patients with COVID-19, subsequently fracturing delirium prevention care pathways as well” (LaHue 2020). There are several other factors that also play a role in increasing the risk of delirium during the pandemic. “In the era of COVID-19, hospitalized elderly patients who are already at risk of developing delirium are even more vulnerable. Widely implemented hospital visitor restrictions mean that hospitalized older adults are more likely to be isolated from familiar contacts'' (Nair 2020). The decreased preventative care and increased isolation as well as a variety of other factors have contributed to an increase in delirium in hospitalized patients. (Chilson 2022). The purpose of this poster is to highlight tools used to prevent delirium in hospitalized patients, such as HELP, and discuss how the pandemic affected such programs as well as increased isolation, furthering the risk of delirium.
-
The Effect of COVID-19 on Speech Language Pathology
Eileen E. Ellis
This research examines how the COVID-19 pandemic affected the practices of Speech Language Pathology. The purpose of this study is not only to bring awareness to the severity of the impact the virus had on this occupation as it did many others, but also to increase my understanding of my chosen vocation. I conducted interviews via zoom of Speech Language Pathologists from the state of Ohio, specifically in Springfield, Dayton, and Columbus in order to better understand challenges and opportunities in the field of speech language therapy.
-
The effect of different types of ankle foot orthoses on balance and stability
Ryan C. Gigiano, Adam J. Jones, Martin P. Kilbane
Ankle-foot orthoses (AFOs) have been shown to negatively affect dynamic balance, while having little or positive impact on static balance. The cost of carbon composite AFOs (cAFOs) is higher than traditional polypropylene AFOs (pAFOs), yet there is limited research comparing the two. This study investigated the effect of using carbon and polypropylene AFOs on static and dynamic balance. We hypothesized that postural sway would be reduced when wearing the cAFO (which has an anterior shell) compared to the pAFO. Seventeen healthy college-aged students first completed quiet-standing trials of the Modified Test of Sensory Interaction on Balance on a force-measuring platform with (1) Eyes Open, (2) Eyes Closed, (3) Eyes Open on Memory Foam, (4) Eyes Closed on Memory Foam. Two trials were recorded for each of three AFO conditions: noAFO, cAFO, and pAFO. Participants then completed three Sit-to-Stand trials for each AFO condition. A number of traditional postural sway measures were calculated. Differences between conditions were determined by Paired-Samples T-Tests (p<0.05). The use of either type of AFO compared to the noAFO condition resulted in decreased sway across 3 out of 4 flat plate conditions. The pAFO elicited greater sway in all conditions than the cAFO. Using the cAFO compared to noAFO resulted in significantly increased sway on the Memory Foam with Eyes Open, suggesting that individuals who may regularly encounter challenging terrain (sand, hiking paths, etc.) may not benefit from a cAFO. Both the cAFO and pAFO elicited significantly larger sway in Sit-to-Stand trials compared to noAFO, suggesting that AFO users may have difficulty performing this routine task, likely due to restricted ankle function. Our work may help clinicians because the choice of AFO is condition-dependent. The use of an AFO generally provides increased stability under normal conditions, and the cAFO provides more stability than the pAFO.
-
The Effect of Job Stress on Police Officer Performance
Brady Charles Wadl
Job stress within the realm of law enforcement is very common among officers due to the nature of the job itself. Law enforcement officers within the United States are exposed to constant dangers within their respective communities. It is important to investigate how this stress affects officer behavior and more importantly how it affects their ability to do their jobs. For the purposes of this study, a small police department was offered a short survey that measured the amount of stress the officer has endured inside and outside of work. Addressing the issue of the impact that stress has on police officers could potentially help identify ways to combat job stress among officers and explain negative police perceptions in America.
-
The Effect of Parental Incarceration on Adult Children
Alexus K. Barber
Mass incarceration has affected many families in America. In recent years, we have increased awareness on issues within the system. On the other hand, it is important to also understand how mass incarceration has shifted the ways in which a family functions. The purpose of this research is to explore some of the effects of parental incarceration on adult children. The research will include primary data gathered from in-depth interviews conducted via Zoom. The findings are discussed within the context of existing literature.
-
The Effect of Size and Diversification on a Concentrated Portfolio of Consumer Discretionary Stocks: An Empirical Analysis of Portfolio Returns, 2009-2021
Vincent Patrick Rullo
We develop portfolio weighting models for 3 concentrated portfolios: (1) Top Ten by market value, (2) next Ten by market value, (3) Top Twenty by market value. The principal factor loading is Revenue Per Share Growth. Returns are calculated for 2009-2019, the base period,2009-2020, which includes effect of Covid19, and 2009-2021, which includes the effect of Covid-19 and rising interest rates. We test the hypothesis that Revenue Per Share Growth is a priced-in risk factor i.e., all three portfolios out perform the broad market over the abovementioned time periods. We also determine if the risk premium varies by size (Top Ten vs. Next Ten) and by diversification (Top Ten vs. Top Twenty). Finally, to check on the effects of Covid-19 and rising interest rates we check to see if the cumulative return growth for 2009-2020 and 2009-2021 declined relative to the base period, 2009-2019.
-
The Effect of Social Isolation on Mental Health During the COVID-19 Pandemic
Sydney Lewis Melrose, Hailey Marie Payne
At the start of the COVID-19 pandemic in March of 2020, the world was forced into isolation in hopes to stop this new virus from spreading and infecting millions of people. However, the social isolation orders that were put into place are associated with significant declines in mental health (Walsh, 2021). The psychological consequences of isolation are commonly known as anxiety and panic, obsessive compulsive symptoms, insomnia as well as depressive symptoms and post-traumatic stress (Pietrabissa, 2020). When surveying 950 Americans, Walsh (2021) found that 36 percent of respondents had reported feeling lonely “frequently” or “all of the time”. Strikingly, 61 percent of the Americans in this survey aged 18 to 25, reported high levels of loneliness. Loneliness in and of itself can be described as the state of isolation or being without company. This state can be a miserable feeling and is a risk factor for many mental disorders such as depression, anxiety, adjustment disorder, and chronic stress (Banerjee, 2020). The purpose of this poster is to summarize research which investigates the impacts of social isolation and provide possible solutions to combat and reduce the negative effects of isolation during the COVID-19 pandemic.
-
The Effect of the HELP Program on Instances of Delirium
Grace Elizabeth Bruns, Natalie G. Narcelles
The University of Dayton partners with Miami Valley Hospital to provide students the opportunity to volunteer with the Hospital Elder Life Program (HELP). HELP requires volunteers to assess and gather data on the elder hospital patients’ state of mind. The HELP Program serves to reduce the risk of patients experiencing episodes of delirium, or a sudden state of confusion, throughout their hospital stay. The activities performed with patients include: having a conversation about their daily routine and life in general, asking patients to recall three words, draw a clock and repeat the three words back, and helping the patients to get up and move as best as they can. The focus of this presentation is to determine whether HELP plays a role in preventing the development of delirium. Ten different floors of Miami Valley Hospital will be compared, consisting of five HELP floors and five non-HELP floors. The data is from the year 2021 and includes instances of delirium diagnosed on the non-HELP floors versus HELP floors. The information obtained about the instances of delirium is from Miami Valley’s data on patients diagnosed with delirium during their hospital stay. We hypothesize that there will be a lower occurrence of delirium during hospitalization on the HELP floors than on the non-HELP floors. Previous studies, including one published in the American Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry, have shown significant reductions in occurrences of delirium diagnosed during a patient’s hospital stay. Both mentally stimulating and physical activities encouraged through HELP, assist in keeping patients alert and oriented.
-
The Effects of Peer and Parenting Interactions on Adolescent Delinquency
Hanna Dwyer Stier
This study compares the many variables that influence adolescent delinquency. Secondary data was collected from CNLSY79 and NLYS79 using 11,501 participants. Participants self-reported information on measures that may contribute to adolescent delinquency. The predictions of this study are that, in early adolescence, parenting, self-control, and peer pressure, independently, will predict delinquency in late adolescence. Parenting and peer pressure will more strongly predict delinquency for adolescents with lower self-control than for adolescents with high self-control.
-
The Effects of Rearing Environment on Stickleback Behavior
William R. Ogburn, Lauren E. Roy
Anthropogenic influences cause rapid changes in aquatic habitats, both because current habitats are being rapidly destroyed or degraded while new habitats are being created. These extreme environmental changes can reduce the fitness of organisms living in those environments by increasing stress levels, stunting growth, and making organisms more vulnerable to predation. We are unaware of how changing environments alter optimal behavior and if plastic responses can be observed in fish. Three-spined sticklebacks are a highly plastic fish that experience a wide range of habitats and predators. In this experiment, we reared fry in one of two environmental extremes –bare and covered– to explore how the ecological environment encountered during development affects growth, mortality rate, how individuals utilize their environments, and their antipredator response. From these trials we found that individuals of both treatment groups spend significantly more time under cover and less time in the bare area after the predator attack compared to before. This suggests that the predator stimulus did work, and that all fish perceive cover as a ‘safe’ environment. However, offspring reared in a covered environment spend more time under cover, both under baseline conditions and after the predator attack. Offspring reared in a covered environment tend to be smaller than those reared in a bare environment. There was no difference in body condition and survival in bare environments tended to be lower than survival in covered environments.
-
The emotional impacts on students with standardized testing
Alasandra C. Toliopoulos
In this paper I will be looking at the emotional effects on students during the standardized testing process. Also, the anxiety students feel when taking standardized tests is impacted from constant pressures to have high achievement. The anxieties that students feel through the testing process can cause students to focus on learning for the test rather than retaining the material for the future. In addition to the way information is presented to students in a testing focused format rather than being ingrained into students’ minds which has an impact on students' mental health.
-
The Evolving Thought and Vision of Rev. Dr. Martin Luther King Jr.
Alyssa Cacini, Katherine Sullivan, Maddalena Boyer, Madeline Nagy
Students analyze the campus memorial to Martin Luther King Jr.: The chair with the suit coat and Bible not only represents Dr. King, but also anyone who visits the memorial. It should be used as a springboard to bring issues forward. It was created so anyone who stepped foot on campus can recognize the history that had taken place.
-
The Fight for Citizenship: Human Rights in Canadian and American Immigration Law
Nadia E. Karaba, Rose Philbin, Katherine Shryock
Our presentation is about the struggles to achieve citizenship in the United States. We portray this through multiple interviews with people who have immigrated to the United State but have had difficulty in obtaining citizenship. We argue to make citizenship easier to obtain, especially for those who have lived and worked in the US for a long time. We also compare and contrast the United States immigration laws to other immigration laws seen on the world stage, specifically utilizing Canada as our main example. Other ways how we compare and contrast is by using case studies in said respective actors in order to portray their laws and policies. In this project, our interview(s) center around the fight for citizenship in an environment that does not allow for easy access to it. Additionally, we present further research into the subject and how it relates to the UDHR. We demonstrate how our topic is supported by the UDHR and ways that the UDHR should be updated in order to support this issue.
-
The Graduate School Navigation: The Experiences of First-Generation Black Women in Master’s Program
Kara Brown
We hear that Black women are considered to be amongst the most educated individuals in society and are pursuing higher education at an increasingly high rate. Although, there is minimal information of their experiences. In this study, I explore the experiences of first-generation Black women who have pursued and are currently enrolled in a Master’s program. In particular this study addresses how first-generation Black Women navigate their Master’s programs and the challenges or stressors those students faced. Data for this study emerges from interviews with first-generation Black women who completed or are enrolled in a Master’s program. It is important to note that the majority of these first-generation Black women participants are enrolled in a predominantly White campus. So many of the participants are the only Black or person of color within their program, and may feel reluctant to present as their authentic selves. Also, since the participants are the first to receive both of their bachelor’s and Master’s degree family and financial support is not as prevalent as fellow students on the pursuit. For future research, it would be beneficial for higher education institutions to build better systems of financial and personal support for Black women
-
The Immaculate Conception of Mary in Seventeenth Century Homiletics in New Spain
Michael A. Romero
The Immaculist-maculist dispute—those in favor of the belief that Mary the Mother of Jesus was preserved from any stain of original sin from her conception, and those opposed to this doctrine respectively—is a centuries old theological debate that came to be particularly heated, politically charged, artistically reinforced, and mystically enraptured in Spain and New Spain by the late-Middle Ages and early modern period. The doctrine, declared to be infallible in 1854 by Pius IX’s Ineffabilis Deus, was still being vociferously promoted, defended, and celebrated in the seventeenth century by the Church of New Spain in the Americas in close association with the Royal University and its royal patrons. This presentation shares the results of the transcription, translation, and analysis of three seventeenth century sermons from New Spain (Central Mexico) based on archival research on Mary the Immaculate Conception done in the Marian Library’s Latin American Rare Books Collection. The sermons—dating from 1626, 1681, and 1683—defend the belief but are also panegyrics of the Immaculate Conception and take the implications of Mary conceived without sin to its logical and mystical ends. The presentation will consider how the sermons fall into the Franciscan tradition, the alignment of religious belief with royal support, and the eschatological meaning of this doctrine as articulated by these three homilists.
-
The Impact for Not Only You but Me Too
Derek Christopher Boykin
The “Me Too” movement is an example of how community and togetherness can help bring justice in the community. In my presentation, I will illustrate how this movement has brought awareness to sexism, sexual assault, and harassment within the community, specifically in the workplace and the performing arts. I will emphasize how the Me Too movement acted as a voice for those who for years have felt voiceless, using references to the women who were sexually assaulted by Bill Cosby, founder of ‘Me Too’ Tarana Burke, and West Side Story’s Rita Moreno.
-
The Impact of CARES on Out of Hospital Cardiac Arrest Patient Outcomes
Evan M. Benson, Camden Perry Colter
Annually in the United States, roughly 350,000 people suffer Out of Hospital Cardiac Arrest (OHCA) events. Survival rates, as well as patient outcomes, are incredibly poor following these events with only 10.4% of patients able to be discharged after OHCA occurs (https://mycares.net/sitepages/aboutcares.jsp). Due to this fact, cities across the United States have implemented the Cardiac Arrest Registry to Enhance Survival (CARES), a program striving to reduce deaths from OHCA. CARES has had a substantial impact on the survival rates of OHCA due to their improvements to emergency cardiac care. To demonstrate this, we will present case studies that show CARES effectiveness and provide evidence in favor of mandatory adoption of the CARES system nationally. Currently the CARES system operates by helping coordinate information between EMS organizations, 911 dispatchers, and onboarding hospitals. An annual report on the OHCA patient outcomes is then compiled using the data collected. The report “automatically calculates local 911 response intervals, delivery rates for critical interventions (e.g., bystander CPR and public access defibrillation [PAD]), and community rates of survival and functional status at discharge” (https://mycares.net/sitepages/aboutcares.jsp). Our research conducted on these reports will show the benefits that the CARES system has had on the cites and states that have adopted the system. We will provide evidence for the expansion of the CARES system across the United States despite the monetary costs of the system in order to help prevent sudden cardiac arrest deaths. https://mycares.net/sitepages/aboutcares.jsp
-
The Impacts of Homework in Secondary Education
Melanie Elizabeth Hendrick
Homework plays a large role in education today, especially in middle and high schools. This project focuses on the impacts of homework on education as a whole, questioning whether homework is necessary for furthering classroom education and understanding, and different group’s opinions on this form of assessment. There will be an examination of the implications of homework and the impact it has on students and their futures.
-
The Influence of Extralegal Factors on Bail Decisions
Kaitlin Cook
As various issues within the criminal justice system have been brought to light over the past few decades, the bail system and its process were deemed significant. Although there is a systemic legal process required for judges to follow when making bail decisions on behalf of criminal defendants, there are still gaps in explanations to the discrepancies in bail-setting decisions. This study focuses on determining the influence that race and gender have on bail outcomes. The results from the content analysis of local cases with set bail are presented.
-
The Influence of Halfway House Work Release Programs on Recidivism
Kerrie K. Metress, Brinley R. Zieg
The purpose of this study was to determine the association between a halfway house work release program in Washington state and the recidivism of adult male offenders. Recidivism data was collected on a variety of outcomes including rearrest offense type, reconviction, and reincarceration. However, in this study, we chose to measure recidivism using any criminal offense type given that a record of committing a new offense inherently signifies rearrest. The data set used in this study was collected from Washington state public prison records across the years 1990 to 1993, with information on 218 program participants, to test hypotheses using correlational and logistic regression analyses. While the results showed halfway house participants recidivated at a lower rate than non-participants, the difference was not statistically significant. Additional variables were studied such as years of education, drug dependency, alcohol dependency, and race, but none were found to be statistically significant in the model.
