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  A Factor Based Portfolio Weighing Model for the S&P 500 Health Care Sector (XLV): An Empirical Analysis of Portfolio Returns, 2009-2022

  Nathan Jabaay, Kevin Cullen

  In this study, I use firm revenue growth as my factor weight. I carry out two empirical tests: (1) my revenue growth factor based portfolio weighing model outperforms an equal weight portfolio model over the period 2009-2022; (2) firm revenue growth is a priced-in risk factor in the equity market. For my first test, I compare the long run cumulative returns for the revenue growth factor based portfolio weighing model to the returns for the equal weight portfolio, 2009-2022. For my second test, I determine if my portfolio weighing model generates excess returns over the broad market benchmark, the S&P 500 index, for the period 2009-2022. I use two investment strategies, a buy and hold strategy and an adjustable shares strategy, to generate the returns for my portfolio weighing model.

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  A Multi-Sector Portfolio Weighting Model with Firm Revenue Growth the Factor Weight: An Empirical Analysis of Portfolio Returns, 2009-2022

  Daniel Montgomery, Vincent Rullo

  In this study we conduct two empirical tests. First, we determine if the revenue growth factor weighted multi-sector portfolio outperforms an equal weight portfolio over the period 2009-2022. Second, we test to see if revenue growth is a “priced-in risk factor” by determining if the long term returns to our portfolio weighting model are in excess of the returns to the broad market index S&P 500.60 stocks from six S&P 500 sectors make up the portfolio. The six sectors are: (1) Consumer Discretionary, (2) Healthcare, (3) Industrials, (4) Information Technology, (5) Real Estate, and (6) Communication Services. Historically, these six sectors contribute most of the returns to the S&P 500. To generate our returns, we use two investment strategies: (1) Buy and Hold, and (2) Adjustable Shares.

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  A Portfolio Weighting Model for the Consumer Discretionary sector with Revenue Growth as the Factor Weight: An Empirical Analysis of Portfolio Returns, 2009-2022

  Nicholas Mulvihill and Hector Gutierrez

  In this study my research objective is to answer two questions: (1) Does a revenue growth factor weighted portfolio of consumer discretionary stocks outperform an equal weight portfolio over the period 2009-2022. (2) Can the revenue growth factor weighted portfolio generate excess returns over the broad equity market measured by the S&P 500 index. In short, is revenue growth a priced-in risk factor. I use two investments strategies in my empirical analysis: (1) Buy and Hold and (2) Adjustable Shares.

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  A Portfolio Weighting Model for the Industrials Sector with Revenue Growth the Factor Weight: An Empirical Analysis of Portfolio Returns, 2009-2022

  Thomas Letke, Kevin Cullen

  In this study I test two hypotheses. 1: The revenue growth factor weighted portfolio model outperforms an equal weight portfolio model. 2: Firm revenue growth is a priced-in risk factor in the equity market. For the first portfolio, I compare the long-term cumulative returns for the revenue growth factor-based portfolio weighting model to the returns for the equal weight portfolio model, 2009-2022. For the second hypothesis, I determine the excess returns for my portfolio weighting model over the S&P 500 index, 2009-2022.

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  A Portfolio Weighting Model for the Information Technology Sector with Firm Revenue Growth the Factor Weight: An Empirical Analysis of Portfolio Returns, 2009-2022

  Hayden Gray, Andrew Kohnen

  In this study I run two types of portfolio return tests: (1) Determine if the returns for my revenue growth factor weighted portfolio are greater than an equal weight portfolio, 2009-2022. (2) Determine if the revenue growth factor weighted portfolio generates long term excess returns over the broad market index S&P 500 i.e. revenue growth is a priced-in risk factor. I use a buy and hold and an adjustable shares investment strategy to develop portfolio returns for the period 2009-2022.

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  A Portfolio Weighting Model for the Real Estate S&P500 Sector with Firm Revenue Growth the Factor Weight: An Empirical Analysis of Portfolio Returns, 2009-2022

  Paul Waweru, Kathleen Hattrup

  In this study we run two empirical tests: (1) The revenue growth factor weighted portfolio model has higher returns than an equal weight portfolio model. (2) Firm revenue growth is a priced-in risk factor in the equity market.For the first empirical test, we compare the long-run cumulative returns for the revenue growth factor-based portfolio weighting model to the cumulative returns for the equal weight portfolio, 2009-2022. For the second empirical test, we compare the cumulative excess returns for my portfolio weighting model over the S&P500 Index, 2009-2022.We use two investment strategies to generate my returns: (1) Buy & Hold, (2) Adjustable Shares.

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  A Portfolio Weighting Model for the S&P 500 Consumer Staples Sector with Firm Revenue Growth the Factor Weight: An Empirical Analysis of Portfolio Returns from 2009 to 2022

  Isabella Abreu

  In this study I pose two questions: (1) Can a revenue growth factor weighted portfolio of consumer staples stocks outperform an equal weight portfolio over the period of 2009 - 2022; (2) Firm revenue growth is a paired-in-risk factor. To answer the first question I can pair the long run cumulative returns for the revenue growth factor based portfolio weighing model to the returns for the equal weight portfolio weighing model, 2009 - 2022. For the second question, I can compare the returns for my portfolio weighing model to the returns for the S&P 500 ETF SPY to see if it generates excess returns over the long run period 2009 - 2022.

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  A Single Sector Portfolio Weighting Model with Firm Revenue Growth the Factor Weight: An Empirical Analysis of Portfolio Returns for Select Stocks in the Communications Sector, 2009-2022

  Michael Topp, Michael Kondritz

  Top line revenue growth is an important factor in determining stock price appreciation. Using a portfolio management approach, I developed a concentrated portfolio of 10 stocks from the communication sector and tests two hypotheses: (1) The revenue growth factor weighted portfolio will outperform an equal weight portfolio over the period from 2009-2022. (2) Firm revenue growth is a priced in risk factor i.e., the long run return from my portfolio weighting model exceeds the market return as measured by the S&P 500 index. Returns are based on two investment strategies: (1) Buy and Hold and (2) Adjustable Shares.

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  ECO 435: Cooperative Games

  Richious Carton, Matthew Griffin, Hannah Hudepohl, Vincent Catanese, Donnell Keyes, Daniel Yousif, Noah Burneka, Madeline McEldowney, Jacob Lann, Kristen Knight, Sawyer Rothermel, John Lally, Kiernan Zawaski, Cameron Beachler, John Deeley, Austin Baker, Kyle Hauptner, Mary Cabaluna, Chloe Klawon, Erik Mattias Eliasson, Brandon Cheng

  The underlying theme--from class--is that humans have thrived (thus far) because we have learned to cooperate to complete. In the most important 'public game' of all-preventing the worst trajectories of climate change--it is incumbent upon us to cooperate. In these workshops, students--previously 'unaligned'--will work together to stave off disaster (inundation of island due to rising sea levels, increasing desertification, a pandemic). The key is that the games are cooperative, requiring the group to collaborate, and they are not zero sum (with winners and losers). Instead the games are 'positive sum' or 'negative sum': either everybody wins or everybody loses.

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  Empirical Research Presentations in Economics

  Daniel Montgomery, Jhonson Francis, Nathaniel Espelin, Gabrielle Rullo, Robert Filshie, Dale Hirschfield, John Dorn, Dane Kalman, Dennis Hogan, Michael Neel, Andrew Kozak, Anna Luepke, Ryan Flannery, Michael Denning, Catherine Hegg, Anna Unger, Justin Rose, Margaret Ruhlmann, David Bolan, John Milling, Griffin Laake, George Fanelli, Brendan Miller, Marcus Dunlap, William Avery, Luke Brower, Ryan Maloney, George DeBates, Nicholas Smrt, Brandon Cheng

  Four years of coursework culminate in a written and oral presentation of an empirical research project during the senior capstone course. Students apply economic theory and econometric techniques to analyze data in order to answer an original research question.

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  Historical Nostalgia Scale

  Jacob Salzman, Jonah Farrar

  When thinking of the concept of nostalgia, people often find themselves thinking of what is called "personal nostalgia." This is a longing for a time in their own past, and wanting to experience these times again. Little do people know about the other, lesser researched form called "historical nostalgia."Historical nostalgia is when an individual has a longing for a time that they never got to experience. This has become a more prevalent area with the rise of social media platforms like TikTok where users are popularizing past technologies, clothes, and other technologies. All of this has led us to run pilot studies and preliminary studies based around a still image of an old mall with Africa by ToTo to gauge reactions and nostalgic feelings from viewers. We have also evaluated secondary sources, and we are currently working towards developing more studies, all with the goal of being able to contribute a more solidified scale of how to gauge how "historically nostalgic" an individual is. We hope to accomplish this for the sake of advertisers and managers as this area is under researched and under utilized in a world where it continues to become more relevant.

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  Inflation Trends in a Rising Interest Rate Environment: An Analysis of Growth Rate Trends For the Education and Communications Component of CPI

  Nora Jackson

  In 2022, the U.S. Federal Reserve initiated a tight monetary policy with unprecedented increases in the Federal Funds Rate. In this study, I examine the monthly growth rates sequentially for the Education and Communications component of CPI to determine if the rise in Fed Funds Rate has caused a downward trend in its inflation growth rate. I also compare a similar analysis for overall CPI. Lastly, I look to see if the growth rate trends for CPI and its Education and Communications component have similar trend direction. I use year over year by month growth rates and rolling 3 month growth rates annualized to determine the trend direction for CPI and the Education and Communications component.

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  Inflation Trends in a Rising Interest Rate Environment: An Analysis of Growth Rate Trends for the Food Component of CPI in 2022

  John Deeley

  In 2022, due to rapidly rising inflation, the U.S. Federal Reserve initiated an aggressive policy of monetary tightening primarily through increases in the Federal Funds Rate. In this study I focus on the food component of CPI and look to see if the significant rise in the Federal Funds Rate has had a dampening effect on the growth in food inflation. I also compare inflation growth rate trends in the food component of CPI to the inflation growth rate trends in overall CPI to see if the growth rates follow a similar trend pattern.I used year over year by month growth rates in inflation and rolling 3 month growth rates in inflation annualized to determine the trend direction for both the food component and overall CPI.

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  Inflation Trends in a Rising Interest Rate Environment: An Analysis of Growth Rate Trends for the Shelter Component of CPI, 2022

  Julia Reinker

  In 2022, The US Federal Reserve, prompted by rising and high levels of inflation, began an aggressive policy of monetary tightening through increases in the federal funds rate. In this study, I looked at the monthly growth rate trend in the shelter component of CPI to see if the rise in the federal funds rate has resulted in a downward trend in its growth rate. I also carry out a similar analysis for overall CPI and then determine if the inflation growth rate trends in CPI and the shelter component of CPI move together. I use year over year by month inflation growth rates and rolling three month growth rates annualized to identify the direction of the growth rate trends.

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  Inflation Trends in a Rising Interest Rate Environment: An Analysis of Growth Rate Trends For the Transportation Component of CPI

  Patrick Burns

  Rising levels of inflation has caused the Federal Reserve to substantially increase the Federal Funds rate in 2022 - in this study I analyze the monthly growth rate pattern for the transportation component of CPI to see if the increases in the Federal Funds rate have brought about a decline in its growth rate trend - I also carry out a similar analysis for CPI. Finally, I compare the growth rate trends for CPI and its transportation component to see if the trend pattern is similar. I use year-over-year by month growth rates and rolling 3 month growth rates annualized to carry out my trend analysis.

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  Inflation Trends in a Rising Interest Rate Environment: An Analysis of Growth Rate Trends in the Medical Care Component of CPI, 2022

  Sydnee Haymore

  In 2022, the U.S. Federal Reserve, in order to curb growing inflation in the U.S., responded by making rapid and significant increases in the Federal Funds Rate. In this study, I look at the Medical Care component of the Consumer Price Index (CPI) to determine if the rise in the Federal Funds Rate has brought about a downward trend in its growth rate. I also make a similar comparison for overall CPI and then see if the Medical component and overall CPI growth rates are trending together.I use year over year by month inflation growth rates and rolling three-month growth rates annualized to determine trend direction of both the Medical Care component and CPI.

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  Inflation Trends in a Rising Interest Rate Environment: An Analysis of Inflation Growth Rate Trends in the Goods Component of CPI, 2022

  Thomas Roebker, Andrew Weltman

  In 2022, because of rising and high inflation, the U.S. Federal Reserve aggressively raised the Federal Funds rate with the aim of reversing the upward trend in inflation. In this study, we evaluate the inflation growth rate trends for the durable and non-durable goods sectors of the economy to see if they have had a reversal in trend direction. We carry out 3 empirical analyses: (1) We compare year over year by month inflation growth rates in the durable and non-durable goods sector to see if a trend reversal has occurred. (2) We calculate rolling 3-month growth rates annualized to see if the goods sector growth rates are also declining. (3) Using Step (1) and (2) above, we calculate CPI Inflation growth rates and then compare them to the goods sector growth rates to determine if they trend together.

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  Inflation Trends in a Rising Interest Rate Environment: An Analysis of Inflation Growth Rate Trends in the Services Component of CPI, 2022

  Michael Dahill

  In 2022, the U.S. Federal Reserve initiated a number of meaningful increases in the Federal Funds Rate in order to reverse the upward trend in inflation. In this study I analyze the inflation growth rate trend in the services sector of the economy to determine if the rise in the Federal Funds Rate had a material impact on its trend direction. I carry out 3 empirical tests: 1) I compare a year over year by month inflation growth rates in the service component to see if a downward trend has occurred. 2) I calculate rolling 3 month inflation growth rates annualized to see if the growth rates are declining. 3) I calculate the same inflation growth rate metrics for CPI to see if the inflation growth rates for the services component and CPI trend together.

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  MIS and OPS Senior Capstone Projects

  Krista Schlinger

  MIS and OPS Senior Capstone Projects include small teams of 3 or 4 senior students working weekly with a company/organization to solve a real business problem. These projects extend for the complete undergrad senior year including both Fall and Spring semesters. Students act as Project Cosultants and Managers to guide the project from inception until conclusion by delivering solutions and delivealbes to the client. Students produce project documentation and formal presentations at mulitiple stages of the project and conclude with proesentations to the supporting Client's Leadership Team.

  View a complete list of projects and presenters online.

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  Rising Interest Rates and Energy Price Trends in 2022

  Matthew Dahlke

  The macro environment in 2022 included a sustained effort by the US Federal Reserve to curb inflation through a major increase in the Federal Funds rate. In this study, I look at the growth rate trends in energy commodities (e.g. natural gas) and energy services (e.g. electricity) to see if their price trends are declining due to the Fed's policy of monetary tightening. I also compare the energy price growth rates to overall CPI growth rates to see if they trend together. I use year over year by month growth rates and rolling 3 month growth rates annualized to develop my trend analysis.

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  The Importance of Event Marketing in the Entertainment Industry

  Alissa Pampena

  The aim of this research is to gain insight from professionals in the industry of sports marketing, achieve hands-on experience within my role at UD, and ultimately, to implement the information received to both my current and future roles proficiently in my professional livelihood. Additionally, to provide others with research to discover new parts of the sports marketing industry that may be unfamiliar otherwise. The overarching focus of this presentation is the significance of fan loyalty, as well as media presence in modern sports.

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  The Size Effect Hypothesis, Market Volatility and S&P 500 Sector Stock Returns: An Empirical Study, 2018-2022

  Breanne Greene, Mary Tully

  The size effect hypothesis states that small cap portfolios will outperform large cap portfolios over extended periods of time. In this study, because of the increased market volatility in recent years, we argue the hypothesis should be reversed i.e., portfolios of less risky large cap stocks will outperform more risky portfolios of small cap stocks. To prove or disprove our argument, we construct large and small cap portfolios across 8 S&P 500 sectors and compare their returns over the 5 year period 2018-2022. The 8 S&P 500 sectors are: (1) consumer staples, (2), consumer discretionary, (3) health care, (4) industrials, (5) information technology, (6) real estate, (7) communications, and (8) financials.

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  The Size Effect Hypothesis, Market Volatility and S&P 500 Sector Stock Returns: An Empirical Study, 2018-2022

  Breanne Greene, Mary Tully

  The size effect hypothesis states that small cap portfolios will outperform large cap portfolios over extended periods of time. In this study, because of the increased market volatility in recent years, we argue the hypothesis should be reversed i.e., portfolios of less risky large cap stocks will outperform more risky portfolios of small cap stocks. To prove or disprove our argument, we construct large and small cap portfolios across 8 S&P 500 sectors and compare their returns over the 5 year period 2018-2023. The 8 S&P 500 sectors are: (1) consumer staples, (2) consumer discretionary, (3) health care, (4) industrials, (5) information technology (6) real estate (7) communications and (8) financials.

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  Where Do Female Athletes Get Their Role Models? Exploring Women's Basketball In the U.S. From Inception to NIL

  Tierra Freeman

  The goal of this research is to look into where young female athletes get their role models from while focusing specifically on the marketing and promotion women receive in the industry compared to their male counterparts. I hypothesize that most older Gen Z players had a lack of exposure to female role models, yet many younger Gen Z players can identify more players and female influences, possibly due to increased social media usage and/or NIL.The question I ask for you all to keep in mind throughout this presentation is : As female athletics become more visible, how will that influence the next generation of female athletes?