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  Montessori School Structures: Benefits for Student Development and Learning

  Sarah W. Stuckert

  This presentation explores the structure of Montessori schools where students guide their own learning. This method of teaching guided by Marie Montessori’s philosophy is believed to instill greater independence and executive functioning in students and is associated with higher standardized test scores and in class exam performance. The Montessori method is utilized for all grade levels, ranging from preschool to high school. For the preschool and elementary ages, it is believed to increase brain development. For middle school ages, it is believed to increase a drive for learning. Finally for high school ages, it is believed to increase self-esteem. With the structure of student-guided learning, these developments are likely to result. However, in-depth investigation of different studies determined that there is a discrepancy amongst the benefit outcomes.

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  Multi Vehicle Recognition, Tracking and Counting

  Avinash Beerelli

  Traffic congestion has become a major problem in the cities which are expanding at a rapid rate, making it way for looking at intelligent traffic systems. It is also rising and contributing to issues like wasted fuel, increased cost of transportation, greenhouse gas emissions, and safety as well. There are a number of solutions available which focus on reducing traffic congestion and improve traffic flow by vehicle detection, tracking and counting. In the proposed project we adopt artificial intelligence (AI) algorithms to automatically analyze ongoing traffic condition in real time, detect the vehicles and their classification, such as cars, trucks, buses, or motorbikes. In addition, we are tracking the vehicles along multiple cameras in the city.

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  Music Therapy Approaches and Methods with Children Ages 8-12 Who Have Had Adverse Childhood Experiences

  Stephanie Elaine Kozol

  There is research stating that children who have had Adverse Childhood Experiences (ACEs), as described by Felitti et al. (1998), can develop significant relationships with music (Fairchild & Mraz, 2018; Stuart, 2018; Zanders, 2012). For children who have experienced ACEs, music can provide a medium for self-expression, an escape from reality, a way to process challenging events, and other coping mechanisms. Although music therapy clinical resources for this age group are scarce, it seems that music therapy has potential to increase quality of life for children ages 8-12 affected by ACEs. Through interviews with three music therapists, considerations for best music therapy practices with this clientele are described with particular consideration given to salient treatment themes. This study provides resources that can improve the quality of music therapy as trauma treatment for children who have had ACEs, as well as equip current and future clinicians with insights and perspectives to advocate for expanded music therapy services for children with ACEs.

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  "North American Properties Struxtion"

  Jacqueline J. Chmiel, Patrick J. Hart, John Corrigan Roberts, Joe Tyler Vogrin

  ERP Build vs Buy vs Hybrid Analysis and Recommendation

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  Novel Patented Porphyrin Works Synergistically with Bacteriophage PEV2 in the Removal of Pseudomonas aeruginosa Biofilms on Medically Relevant Substrata

  Jessica Elizabeth Geyer, Hannah Corinne Gordon

  Antimicrobial resistance is a leading concern for medical professionals around the world, the lack of efficacy of many major antibiotics is now causing once treatable strains of bacteria to run rampant infections. One primary pathogen of concern is Pseudomonas aeruginosa, a deadly bacterium that causes severe human infections and exhibits a high mortality rate for immunocompromised individuals. While a single cell of P. aeruginosa can rapidly acquire antibiotic resistance, the biofilms it self-produces provides it with an additional 1000 times more resistance. Bacterial biofilms produce an extracellular matrix that acts as a scaffold for growth and imparts a form of protection against predators, harsh conditions, and chemicals. As the problem of antibiotics resistance rises coupled with the difficult eradication of biofilms, there is an urgent need for an alternative and more reliable method of bacterial treatment. Our lab has produced a novel patented zinc containing porphyrin, Zn(II)meso-5,10,15-triyl-tris(1-methylpyridin-1-ium)-20-(pentafluorophenyl) porphine tritosylate (ZnPor), which exhibits broad antibacterial activity against planktonic and biofilm-associated cells. ZnPor interacts with the biofilm which results in a more porous biofilm that dissembles and detaches from substrata, making the bacterial cells inherently more accessible and susceptible to removal. In this work we show a synergistic combination treatment between ZnPor and an obligately lytic P. aeruginosa specific bacteriophage, PEV2. There is greater biofilm deconstruction from various medically relevant substrata such as polyethylene, titanium, and hydroxyapatite. These activities do not require photoactivation; however, when photoactivation is added the combinational therapy, there is even further removal of the biofilm and killing of associated cells. We also present data that demonstrates ZnPor possesses activity against the bacteriophage PEV2. We refer to this as the “take no prisoners” approach; intended to mop up the battlefield of the phage-bacteria war; thus, reducing the survival of phage resistant bacteria and addressing the issue of bacterial resistance.

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  Oakwood Inclusion Coalition Project

  Roberto Luis Alomar, Eman Abdulaziz Alshafai, Brian M. Bollinger, Claire Townsend Brewer, William Carreras-Ortiz, Emily M. Cordonnier, Drake J. Dahlinghaus, Samantha Nicole Johnson, Megan Marie Lewis, Ajay Anton Madlinger, Remy P. McAllister, Kathryn Elizabeth Niekamp, Brendan Michael Pugliese, Lucy Rauker, Madeline Murphy Spicer, Shannon Marie Stanforth

  Students in the senior level Graphic Design III course were tasked with creating a logo design and branding for the Oakwood Inclusion Coalition (OIC). Students spent the semester working as independent design firms self-named RPS and Post Meridian. Responsibilities of the two firms entailed not only design work but inter-firm management and extra-firm communications with members of the OIC. While certain roles such as Project Manager or Communications Specialist were maintained, RPS and Post Meridian used their own democratic strategy to include everyone in the creative process. Students began their approach to the OIC’s project by compiling visual inspiration, focusing on key words in the OIC’s mission, developing an appropriate color palette, and collectively creating sketches for a logo that embodied the mission of the OIC. Concept sketches were then edited and further refined to tailor the logo designs to the goals of the OIC. Political climates past, present, and future were considered along with the history of the city of Oakwood and the themes of inclusivity and action in the face of adversity. Upon presenting their logo concepts to the OIC Leadership Team, each firm was directed to move forward with a single logo direction and corresponding branding materials. RPS and Post Meridian are scheduled to present their final logo designs and branding assets to the OIC Leadership Team next week. The OIC will in turn select one firm’s proposal to move forward into production and implementation. The chance to work with a local government on a project with such important implications has been a tremendous experiential learning opportunity for all. Special thanks to Dr. Roger Crum for bringing the OIC project to the senior Graphic Design students in the Department of Art and Design.

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  Obstacles for Librarians Engaging in Readers’ Advisory Service in the Public Library

  Joanna Merlene Phillips Schofield

  One of the most fundamental tasks of a public library is to connect readers with books and other materials and therefore, library staff are responsible for making this connection. This service is called readers’ advisory (RA). An evidentiary exploration of staff engagement with readers’ advisory is needed as a first step to improve the services of matching readers with high quality books and to increase the self-confidence of staff suggesting these titles. A thorough examination of the professional librarians’ perceived obstacles to RA will shed light on how to engage staff and prioritize readers’ advisory work in the public library. The purpose of this study is to begin building an understanding of the culture of RA at the public library and to begin identifying staff perceived obstacles to high-quality RA service. Using a critical ethnographic approach, interviews were conducted with two public librarians at the Stark County (Ohio) District Library to gain insight into the shared approaches, perceived barriers, and organizational support for RA among the professional librarian working group. Data analysis identified three dominant themes in librarian engagement with readers’ advisory: the use of resources for readers’ advisory knowledge, emotion as a significant factor in engaging in readers’ advisory work, and the role of the branch as an organizational support for RA. Analysis revealed that organizations must support this work through professional development, quick access to professional resources, and time allotted to readers’ advisors to maintain their expertise in books and book attributes. Organizations must also teach and model readers’ advisory as a conversation between patron and librarian in which a reading relationship is built over time. Further study is needed to expand the sample population to all front-line library workers to better understand staff-perceived obstacles at all levels of the organization.

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  Ohio's Hospice Inc.

  Alex Thomas Costa, Joshua Newman, Conner J. Templin, Sarah K. Thompson

  "Business Intelligence/Visualization System..replace Power BI"

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  On Sex Differences in the Effects of Rapid-Acting Antidepressants

  Patrick Robert Flaherty

  Major depressive disorder (MDD) is an extremely debilitating sex-related disorder that currently affects over 300 million people worldwide. Women are more vulnerable to the precipitation of depressive symptoms and they are more likely to suffer from MDD as compared to men. Despite the pronounced sex differences in the manifestation of MDD and responsiveness of patients to drug treatment, clinical andpreclinical research on the neurobiological basis of this disorder and antidepressant drug development has focused on the male sex. Conventional antidepressant drug therapies are often ineffective and typically require weeks of chronic treatment to induce alleviation of depressive symptoms in MDD patients. Recently, the discovery of the rapid-acting antidepressant properties of the non-competitive N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor antagonist ketamine revolutionized the field of antidepressant drug discovery. In the context of the current thesis we conducted a literature review on the current clinical and preclinical evidence highlighting the important role that sex may play in response to ketamine, as well as to other rapid-acting antidepressants.

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  Openly HQ

  Maureen Barbara Deering, Brandon Richard Donase, Jacob Levin

  "Sports Review Platform - startup Enhance System Reporting Capability"

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  Optimization of Solar Array Positioning Actuators for Small Satellites

  Mohamed Ali Alsadig Mohamed

  CubeSats are standard and modularized satellites that have gained widespread implementation among the scientific research community due to their low cost of manufacture and launch. The only source of energy for CubeSat missions are from solar arrays, which are coupled to rechargeable batteries that provide power during the shaded portion of the orbit. The goal of this research is to maximize the energy per weight ratio of solar array designs for a 3U CubeSat. The solar array configurations investigated include rigidly mounted to the CubeSat sides, and deployed with zero, one, and two degree of freedom, active positioning actuation schemes. Numerical models are created for multiple variations of geo-synchronous and sun-synchronous orbits, which are common for CubeSat missions. The results for orbit parameters and energy acquisition for rigid-mounted solar arrays are validated with commercially available orbital mechanics software (SDK). The various solar cell designs are evaluated based on their energy acquisition potential and actuation complexity and weight of design.

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  Our Voices Matter

  Lydia G. Artz, Heather E. Ashley, Kayla N. Burdette, Morgan Couture, Elizabeth Licata Gallagher, Ayla Marie Garman, Cameron Cristina Nowlin, Christina Marie Reynolds, Cameron Rutherford, Allison Shaw, Shyanne Smith, Beck Lee Trumbull

  Expressing oneself is one of the core values of the LGBTQ+ community, as to combat the years the community has spent with their voices oppressed and silenced. College specifically is a time for students to not only come to understand themselves, but to also find how they communicate their identities to the rest of the world-- and this applies even more strongly to LGBQT+ students. Our Voices Matter highlights the voices of LGBTQ+-identifying students and their narratives, giving those students a chance to freely express themselves. We have collected anonymously-submitted writings and artworks from LGBTQ+ students at UD. These will be shared by volunteer members of the LGBTQ+ community. This is the fourth annual Our Voices Matter event, and the second year that it will be facilitated as a part of the Stander Symposium.

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  Panel Discussion: An Introduction to "The Magic Flute"

  Mariah Joanna Berryman, Alyssa C. Boldt, Clare Rose Carey, Juliana Christine Hake, Mary Clare Hake, John Carter Herzog, Trinity Peace Hines-Anthony, Michaela Ann Miller, Angelo N. Moore-Knight, Arianna Maria Ranallo, Olivia Easton Redwine, Anna Jean Simmons, Blaise C. Stephens, Beck Lee Trumbull

  Meet the cast and creative team who created the University of Dayton's 2020-2021 production of Mozart's The Magic Flute. Stream the episodes or binge watch the full version at the UD Music Department's YouTube channel.

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  Perception of Police Canines on a Midwest Campus

  Tyera J. Brown, Noah Nietz

  Officials at Midwest universities have often shied away from the idea of bringing police canines onto campuses in fear of the perceptions from students. The study used a phenomenological strategy to explain students' and officers' perceptions of police canines on a Midwest university campus. Participants enrolled in a Midwest university and officers employed at a Midwest university were interviewed using a snowball sampling method. Participants were asked a series of open-ended questions on their views of policing and bringing police canines on campus. Participant experiences and feedback were analyzed to answer the research questions in the study. Data collected from interviews was reviewed to identify themes.

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  Persistent Developmental Delays in Children Born with Neonatal Abstinence Syndrome and In Utero Drug Exposure

  Elizabeth Renee Staley

  Children born with Neonatal Abstinence Syndrome (NAS) and In Utero Drug Exposure (IUDE) may experience delays that can impact cognition, motor skills, speech and language, attention and behavior development. Further, children born with NAS are more likely to be referred for evaluation and subsequently qualify for special education when compared with non-exposed peers. This quantitative study involved an evaluation of existing visual motor and receptive/expressive language data from birth to 24 months for 106 children born with NAS and IUDE. Results indicated that these children had significant deficits in visual motor scores and receptive and expressive language scores. Significant differences in visual motor and language scores were found between the NAS & IUDE and IUDE only groups. Children in the IUDE only groups had lower scores on visual motor and language assessments; the IUDE only group demonstrated a significant positive rate of change.

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  Perspectives of Pre-service Art Educators

  Brooke Ann Henry, Hannah Elyse Kelly, Shayna Rauch

  In this presentation the authors -- Brooke Henry and Hannah Kelly, together, paint a conceptual portrait of their evolving relationships with art education. This is conducted through the Currere method of research where educators (or pre-service educators) can reconsider the meaning of curriculum. Through this method there have been findings through question and answer sessions as well as personal reflective writing, the conclusion is still being unpacked. The method consists of four steps: the regressive, progressive, analytical, and synthetical. Participating in autoethnographic research, such as the Currere method, reduces the distance between the researcher and subject by making the researcher the subject. It allows for deeper and clearer understanding of the present by outlining the past, present, and future. A third perspective comes from Shayna Rauch, who discusses her own autoethnographic research about incorporating mindfulness into the classroom as a pre-service educator. Initially her research focused solely on teacher mindfulness as a solution to lowering stress in order to improve teacher performance and classroom environment. Rauch practiced daily meditation, brain breaks in between classes, and reflected on the effects in a daily data log including a visual or written rumination. Through the course of the study student mindfulness was incorporated as well, where students engaged in mindful visual journaling. The results of this study found that over time daily meditation lowered stress, increased mental clarity, heightened empathy for students, and improved classroom climate. The improvements from meditation alone were moderate, but through the daily reflections and inclusion of student mindfulness, a greater effect on the classroom environment was seen.

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  Pervasive Communal Trauma in Higher Education: The Effects of COVID-19 Trauma on U.S. Higher Education Professionals

  Shane Borah

  The COVID-19 pandemic has disrupted campus life in unprecedented ways. In response, higher education professionals have adapted, reframed, and provided support to students and colleagues while navigating the unknown world of the pandemic themselves. To better understand the effect COVID-19 may have on higher education professionals, this study introduces a conceptual form of connective trauma experience in the form of communal pervasive trauma. This research study examined (1) How does COVID-19 affect higher education professionals’ relationship with their work? (2) What effects does a pervasive communal traumatic experience, such as COVID-19, have on higher education professionals? Utilizing a phenomenological approach, nine mid- to senior-level higher education professionals across three different institutions in the Midwest, West, and Pacific and varying functional areas were interviewed. Results indicate an explorative developmental experience with one’s work across the pandemic, feelings of exhaustion from impossible expectations and limited resources, and personal disconnection and grief of sense of community and identity outside of work. This study provides implications for higher education and student affairs professionals in supporting their often overworked staff, notions of healing after tragedy, and how to continue functioning once the pandemic has ceased.

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  Polygraph examinations and their use in exonerations

  Sydney Lauren Haas

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  Predation in the prairie “canopy”: What happens when leashed grasshoppers meet invasive tawny crazy ants?

  Samantha Johnson, Ryan W. Reihart

  Biological invasions have become a global concern, as invasive species are one of the leading causes for loss of biodiversity. Invasive ants, for example, often rapidly reach numerical dominance in invaded ecosystems, which results in a reduction in the abundance and diversity of native ants and small, non-ant arthropods. Because invasive ants are small, relatively few studies have considered the potential effect of invasive ants on the abundance of large, mobile aboveground insects. Here, we report evidence of grasshopper predation and the diet of an invasive ant, Nylanderia fulva, in a coastal tallgrass prairie. While working at the University of Houston’s Coastal Center in July 2016, we observed a large number of dead grasshoppers that were covered by N. fulva. To determine if grasshopper mortality was due to predation by N. fulva, we conducted a tethering experiment. We tethered 40 grasshoppers, 10 individuals of 2 grass feeding species and 10 individuals of 2 mixed feeding species, with a modified “leash” that was secured to the ground. Within the first 4 hours of the experiment, we found that 50% of the grasshoppers were dead and were covered by N. fulva. Following this experiment, we conducted a stable isotope analysis in 2017 to determine the trophic position and relative importance of grasshoppers in the diet of N. fulva. Across 20 different colonies of N. fulva, we found that workers had little variation in their average δ15N (mean ± SD; 5.44 ± 0.49), δ13C (-21.78 ± 0.86), and trophic position (2.29 ± 0.14). These results indicate that N. fulva are omnivores, but obtain most of their N from basal resources, like plants. Our data demonstrate some of the complexities of the diets of invasive ants and highlight their potential to reduce the abundance and richness of large, mobile insects like grasshoppers.

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  President Donald Trump’s Rhetoric and its impact on Students

  Lastacia Lanae Patterson

  The overall purpose of the study is to look at Former President Trump’s rhetoric and its impact on racial tensions from the viewpoint of College students. This research looked to understand its impact on college students and their thinking about how to overcome racism. The study research consisted of ten questions: 2 collecting basic demographic of the participants, 7 Likert scale questions determining attitudes, and one open-ended question asking for suggestions for reducing racial tensions. . The survey received 28 responses. Eighty-nine percent of all respondents agree or strongly agreed that the election of Donald Trump worsened racial tensions. Almost 80% agreed or strongly agreed that Donald Trump is racist. Also, seventy-one percent agreed or strongly agreed that Donald Trump supports white supremacy. I noticed 8 themes in the open response question. These included education, equality, Laws & policy, Positive Coverage, Diversity, nonviolence, unknown. However, Education, Equality, and Law & policy were most prevalent. In conclusion, this research demonstrates that a strong majority of College students perceived Trump’s rhetoric as racist and they have suggestions on how to reduce racial tensions.

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  Pretreating Anaerobic Listeria monocytogenes with Propionate Enhances Subsequent Intracellular Infection

  Laura Marie McFarland

  Listeria monocytogenes is a Gram-positive facultative intracellular pathogen, responsible for the foodborne illness listeriosis. During the infection process, L. monocytogenes is commonly exposed to propionate, a short chain fatty acid found in our gut and used as a food preservative. Although propionate is known to exhibit antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory properties, its role in L. monocytogenes pathogenesis is not clear. Therefore, I seek to further establish the effect of L. monocytogenes propionate exposure on subsequent infection. RAW264.7 macrophages infected with L. monocytogenes strain 10403s were used to assess intracellular growth. Plaque assays were performed with L fibroblasts to determine long-term impact of propionate exposure. Anaerobic L. monocytogenes pretreated with propionate was exhibited a significant increase in intracellular growth compare to untreated anaerobic L. monocytogenes. Furthermore, plaque sizes of propionate-treated anaerobic L. monocytogenes were significantly larger than plaque sizes from untreated L. monocytogenes. However, propionate pretreatment of aerobic L. monocytogenes exhibited no effect on subsequent intracellular growth or spread. These results indicate that propionate exposure of anaerobic L. monocytogenes prior to infection has a long-lasting impact on enhancing subsequent intracellular infection and cell-to-cell spread.

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  Propeller and Propeller-in-Wing Thrust Vectoring

  Grace Gabrielle Culpepper

  In this study, we investigate the efficiency of a thrust vectoring system utilizing a set of vanes designed to create forward force at a minimum loss in net thrust, the system itself placed in both a stand-alone propeller configuration and a propeller-in-wing configuration. Both static and wind-on force-based experiments were conducted at the University of Dayton Low Speed Wind Tunnel (UDLSWT) with off-the-shelf R/C propellers. A square propeller sheath was incorporated for static testing and a propeller-wing integrated setup was the focus of wind-on experiments. Sensitivity analysis was conducted to determine the effect on thrust vectoring of vane tilt angle and propeller placement with respect to the upper surface of the integrated wing. Static test results indicated notable improvement in vane performance when placing the vane system in a wing as compared to the stand-alone sheathed design. Thrust vectoring was achieved, along with subsequent changes in pitching moment, by increasing vane deflection angle. Wind tunnel test results of the integrated propeller-in-wing system for the standard 90° pitch orientation indicated successful thrust vectoring below the advance ratio of 0.3, which is practical for most relevant applications. The 75° pitch orientation of the propeller-vane system observed increased thrust vectoring capabilities extending to an advance ratio of 0.7. Sensitivity analysis results revealed that the case of the propeller exposed to the flow freestream outperformed that of the propeller embedded in the test wing in overall efficiency, though the embedded featured a better thrust vectoring capability.

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  Public Health Worker Perceptions of Black Infant Mortality in Dayton

  Shyanne Smith

  Constructing a study around the perceptions of black infant mortality from the very public health workers of Dayton allows a look at what rates currently exist and why it should matter. I sat down with several employees of the Public Health Department of Montgomery County for a 25-30 minute interview to get their perceptions of why black infant mortality is so high. Looking at black infant mortality rates from other states and cities gives a wider scope of the factors that contribute to them. Dayton Public health workers see preterm birth, high blood pressure, and racism, to name a few, as the major issue(s) here and express a hope that providing adequate resources and education can help stabilize and lower black infant mortality rates. If the rates are so high and worrisome that similar issues from research studies all over the country, and from earlier years, are being repeated in Dayton and are well known by the health workers here, it sheds a light on those causes and ultimately points people towards the main issues.

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  Public Relations Theory: COM 555 Class Presentations

  LNU Arshi Ara Khan, Christian Jesus Cabrera, Ziyi Chen, Kaellyn Joy Duerr, Pat M. Enright, Ian A. Evans, Claire B. Mahoney, Nicholas D. Orrill, Alyssa L. Reed, Colin P. Riordan, Sara K. Sweeterman, Rebecca Westphal, Erin Whalen

  Students in the graduate course COM 555: Public Relations Theory will present their final research projects that examine and analyze emerging theories, principles, concepts, and research methods in the field of public relations. Research focusing on social media integration, nonprofit-public relationship building, integration of dialogic communication in community policing, and more will be presented.

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  Recurrence Interval of Hurricane Level Flooding in the Florida Panhandle

  Ripken James Pacovsky

  Hurricane Sally’s landfall in the Gulf Coast marked the fourth consecutive year of a slow-moving tropical system devastating the region with insurmountable rainfall, flooding and storm surge. With an estimated cost of over $7 billion in total damage and being the direct cause of 8 fatalities, Hurricane Sally broke storm records along the southern coasts of Alabama, Mississippi and the Florida panhandle. Using daily water discharge data from the USGS 02375500 station in the Escambia River near Century, FL, the river recorded nine consecutive days above its flood stage. The majority of the inundation and flood damage occurred between the 16th and 20th of September 2020 as the hurricane passed over Escambia County, FL. Peak discharge (in cubic feet per second) of the river occurred on the 17th and slowly declined after. Using historical data from the United States Geological Survey and National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, it is possible to estimate how often comparable levels of flooding will occur in the area. Knowing the recurrence of severe flooding is beneficial for homeowners, businesses and municipalities to make preparations and be insured. Compiling all daily discharge and gage height measurements of the Escambia River from 1934-2021, the recurrence interval of Hurricane Sally-level flooding was found to be ~6.8 years. In a given year, the probability of Hurricane Sally level flooding is about 15 in 100. Flood levels just below Hurricane Sally were found to have a much greater probability. With a predicted rise in sea level, this recurrence interval can be expected to shorten in the future. The outdated flood control systems from the 1900s will need to be updated this century to keep on pace with frequent and more extreme flood events.