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  Influence of Prairie Restoration on Hemiptera Composition

  Claire Townsend Brewer, Stephanie Kay Gunter

  Ohio has historically hosted a patchwork of tallgrass prairies, which provide habitat for native species and prevent erosion. As these vulnerable habitats have declined in the last 200 years due to increased human land use, restoration efforts have increased, and it is important to evaluate their success. The Hemiptera (true bugs) are an abundant and varied order of insects including leafhoppers, aphids, cicadas, stink bugs, and more. They play important roles in grassland ecosystems, feeding on plant sap and providing prey to predators. Previous research has found that Hemiptera respond in their abundance and composition to grassland restorations, age of restoration, and size and isolation of habitat. This study investigates the effects of these variables on the abundance and composition of Hemiptera within 13 Ohio prairies in order to answer 4 questions regarding prairie restoration: 1- Do older constructed prairies resemble remnant prairies in Hemiptera abundance, diversity, and composition more than they resemble newer constructed prairies? 2- Does the size of a prairie fragment affect the abundance, diversity, and composition of Hemiptera? 3- Does the distance of a prairie to an agricultural field affect the abundance, diversity, and composition of Hemiptera? 4- Are there particular morphospecies that indicate particular prairie types? Insect samples were taken via sweep net from 13 prairies (7 restored and 6 remnant) in 4 southwestern Ohio counties in summer 2019, and were sorted to order. I then sorted the Hemiptera to family and morphospecies. I will use analysis of variance, correlations, linear regression, and NMDS to determine the effect of prairie type (remnant, old constructed, new constructed), fragment size, and distance to agriculture on Hemiptera abundance, diversity, and composition. I will also perform an Indicator Species analysis to determine if any morphospecies indicate any particular prairie type.

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  Innovative Consulting & Mediation

  Mason D. Kleinhenz, Ryan D. Lederle, Charles A. Schoen

  Private Mediation Consultant...Develop Online Systems

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  Inspirational Women Stories in STEM

  Alekhya Dontham, Lauren Drankoff, Noel Mathew Lnu, Melissa K. McCabe, Claudia Swinson

  This session will involve a set of posters focused on inspirational women in STEM. The presentation will be about a combination of women that inspired us in different fields of STEM by breaking all stereotypes and gender barriers. The five women we are going to present about will be:

  • Kalpana Chawla
  • Rosalind Franklin
  • Mae Jemison
  • Cynthia Breazeal
  • Hedy Lamarr

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  Investigating the Effects of a p53 Mutation on Glioma Progression and Therapy Resistance in Drosophila

  Kaitlyn M. Alleman

  Gliomas, which are brain tumors that arise from glial cells, are some of the most aggressive and lethal types of tumors. These brain tumors are difficult to treat because not enough information regarding the mutations present in these tumors exists. This project studies effects of a p53 mutation on Drosophila glioma progression and then will test to see if this results in resistance to current chemotherapy. Drosophila are used as model organisms to mimic these processes. The current genetic crosses that have been created will be studied, and an effective p53 knockdown will be made. In essence, this will effectively mimic a human brain tumor so the treatments tested and the data collected from this model can be applied to the current understanding of human gliomas. In addition to studying just the p53 mutation, PI3K and oncogenic Ras signaling will be coactivated. This will lead to an even more accurate glioma model because multiple mutations, such as the ones added are present in human tumors as well. These genetic crosses will be treated with Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors, which are currently used to treat brain cancer patients in order to find out whether or not this mutation plays a role in resistance to current therapy. The main goal of this endeavor is to investigate the numerous defects occurring at the cellular and biochemical level in gliomas, which will give insight into why these types of tumors are so difficult to treat. Data gathered from this project will lead to further inquiry into the role of p53 mutations in gliomas and hopefully, to better outcomes for those affected by this type of cancer. Here, we present the data gathered from this project thus far.

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  Isolating Antibiotic Producing Pseudomonas From Soil

  Caroline Rose Wattles

  The Tiny Earth Network works to address the decreasing amount of effective antibiotics by testing soil bacteria for antibiotic production. Antibiotics are used in medicine to treat bacterial infections by killing or slowing the growth of bacteria. A threat to the common treatment is antibiotic resistance which has resulted in a health crisis. To combat this, new antibiotics need to be discovered and through the Tiny Earth Initiative bacteria from soil samples are being used as a source. The isolated soil bacteria was tested for antibiotic production against clinical pathogens such as E. coli and S. epidermidis. Laboratory methods such as gram staining, biochemical testing, and 16s rRNA gene sequencing were used to identify the isolated soil bacteria. An organic extract was also prepared from the isolate using ethyl acetate for extraction and methanol as a solvent to confirm the antimicrobial activity and to check for potential toxicity. The methanol solution of the extract was plated onto a water agar plate. Chia seeds were sprinkled onto the plate and left to grow. Chia seed growth indicated the antibiotic extract was not toxic to Eukaryotic organisms while no growth indicated toxicity. Discovery of antibiotic producing bacteria will help the ongoing battle against antibiotic resistance and its effect on bacterial infection treatment options.

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  Isolation and Characterization of Soil Bacteria Having Antibacterial Activity

  Brenna Marie Reilly

  Antibiotic resistance in bacteria against a single or multiple drugs is a burning issue worldwide. According to the 2019 Antibiotic/Antimicrobial Resistance (AR) threats report of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), more than 2.8 million antibiotic-resistance infections occur in the U.S. each year, and more than 35,000 people die as a result. Therefore, the current study was carried out to isolate and characterize soil bacteria having a new compound with antibacterial activity. Soil samples were collected from GPS coordinates of 39.73594418442152, -81.17545763942566 at a depth of 7.62cm. The weather was 16 Fahrenheit, even though the soil was hard, the deeper I dug the soil became moist and soil was collected and placed in a sterile test tube. The appearance of the soil was a dark brown. Individual bacteria from soil were separated and isolated using serial dilution techniques. Bacterial media such as Reasoners 2A Agar and Todd Hewitt were used for bacterial isolation. Six different bacterial isolates based on colony morphology, were screened for antibacterial efficacy against close relative bacteria to ESKAPE pathogens, such as B. subtilis and E. coli. Out of six, one bacterial isolate showed antibacterial activity against B. subtilis. Bacteria which showed the antibacterial activity against B. subtilis was characterized as gram-negative bacillus. Biochemical testing showed that bacteria was motile (by Sulfide Indole Motility), gelatinase positive (by gelatin Agar), non-lactose, sucrose and glucose fermenter (by triple Sugar Iron Agar) and citrate positive (examined by Simmons Citrate Agar). 16S ribosomal gene sequencing result is awaited. Organic extract of this bacteria furthered the antibacterial activity against B. subtilis on Todd Hewitt agar, while awaiting a test for toxicity to chia seeds. In future, organic extract from this bacteria will be characterized for structure of this active compound.

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  JJR Solutions

  Michael William Krug, Danielle B. Lewis, Kate Elizabeth Nawrocki, Adam P. Roe

  JJRS Pulse-Microsoft SharePoint/MS Project Integration

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  Joint kinematics and work adjustments in adults when learning the kettlebell swing without coaching

  Cian J. Callahan

  The Kettlebell swing is a complex, full-body exercise and can be difficult to perform correctly without coaching. This study aimed to assess the ankle, knee, and hip kinematic and kinetic adjustments with short-term practice, as evaluated by joint angles and joint work, in young adults when practicing the kettlebell swing without individualized external feedback. This evaluation would assist the development of effective and safe video instruction tools.Our experiment was conducted by having twelve young adults (7F/5M, 22.62 (2.04) years), with no prior practice of the exercise, perform three sets of 20 repetitions of the kettlebell swing. Their only instruction was from a freely available online video of a skilled individual performing the kettlebell swing and providing verbal instructions. Subjects then performed three sets of 20 repetitions each day for the following three days. On the fifth day, they were retested. Joint flexion and extension data was collected using a motion capture system by placing markers on the hips, thighs, knees, calves, and feet. The force acting on the body was assessed using a force plate.The results showed young adults made minimal adjustments of the ankle, knee, and hips joints from no practice to short term practice. At the start position, the knee and hip joints were less flexed during the short-term session compared to the no practice session. Furthermore, total lower body work and hip joint work decreased between sessions. Our results highlight the general tendencies of young adults to reduce lower body flexion and work less when learning the kettlebell swing through self-directed methods. These findings provide guidance to improve the potential effectiveness of instructional videos by highlighting the need for coaching cues focused on further flexing the hip joint at the start position and thrusting the hips forward throughout the upward swing.

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  KPMG

  Carmen J. DiGeronimo, Brandon D. Easterling, John P. Mccarthy, XiuLin Wu

  KPMG Cyber Response Incident Response Range-Cloud Implementation

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  LandNET: A Multi-Modal Fusion Network for Classification

  Jonathan Paul Schierl

  There is a need for classifying land coverage by usage. As these classes are somewhat abstract, this provides a challenge in classifying them and a need for as much information as possible. We propose an architecture capable of classify such scenes, using 2D aerial imagery and 3D point clouds. This is done by fusing the learned feature space of each modality, to be classified with fully connected layers. This method provides a high degree of accuracy for each modality and then learns the benefits of data type, for more accurate classification.

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  LatinX Leads Conference: What We Learned

  Juan L. Lopez, Sam Ortiz, Isaac Andrew Perez, Noelia Perez, Camila Isabel Sanchez-Gonzalez

  Four Latinx student leaders will share on topics and themes presented at the Latinx Leads conference. Those themes include empowering Latinx students, combatting anti-blackness, building unity within the Latinx community and navigating a Predominantly White campus as a Latinx student. This presentation is their opportunity to give back to their community and help build up others who are interested in supporting Latinx students.

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  Lesion Synthesis Algorithm and Multi-Scale U-Net for Lung and Lesion Segmentation

  Dhaval Dilip Kadia

  Artificial Intelligence (AI) is growing exponentially with novel computational architectures and their cognitive capabilities. AI helps solve complex problems in medical imaging. Lung segmentation is essential since it processes the volumetric information of the lungs, removes the unnecessary areas of the scan, and segments the actual area of the lungs in CT scan. This research focuses on deep learning applications to segment lungs and further develop a novel algorithm to make them robust. Supervised learning requires data to train a deep neural network. The deep learning model, such as U-Net, outperforms other network architectures for biomedical image segmentation. We propose a deep neural network based on U-Net for the lung and lung lesion segmentation tasks. The proposed model integrates convolution into the sophisticated Multiscale Recurrent Residual Neural Network based on U-Net. Both deep neural network (DNN) and availability of diverse annotated data make the given deep learning based solution robust and generalized for practical use. Even if having sophisticated DNN, scarcity of annotated data challenges the expected outcomes. Robust segmentation of COVID-19 infected lungs requires rich labeled data. Accurate pixel-level annotation tasks to generate such data are time-consuming, and that delays data preparation. We propose a novel algorithm to generate lesion-like artificial patterns, and U-Net based deep neural network for robust lung segmentation further helps segment COVID-19 lung infection. The pattern generation algorithm generates 2D and 3D patterns to create an enormous amount of synthetic data. This algorithm and DNN give accurate lung segmentation results for highly infected lungs and provides infection segmentation. This research applies to the preprocessing stages of different applications of deep learning, medical imaging, and data annotation. The proposed work helps the deep neural network to generalize on a given domain to accomplish robust segmentation results in the absence of exact data.

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  Let’s Co-Teach Together!

  Caitlin M. Crews

  Co-teaching is a format that is becoming more common in everyday learning environments. Yet, co-teaching perceptions are often mixed in reviews. These studies discuss the many benefits and change in perceptions amongst teachers after training and implementing co-teaching in their classrooms.

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  Let’s Get Mental! : How Mental Health and Religion Work Together to Support the Common Good

  Caroline Lavin Herling, Gabriel Christopher Janus, Gabrielle N. Wilson

  This study asks how religion addresses mental health, with a focus on how it can provide for the common good. The purpose was to explore how religions or religious contacts have been intermingling with the more common dialogue around mental health within the past 20 years. A literature review of relevant articles in Psychology, Sociology and Anthropology revealed that from India to the United States, religion and mental health are concurrent topics in the lives of those individuals who have mental illnesses and practice spirituality. Some of the key points we found are that being in a community, such as being in a religious community can help the mental health of the people and helps them to form better social skills and mental processes. While there is no one way to approach mental health, if you have a role within religion, those individuals mental health seems to be better than those who do not. In India, the impact of the caste system has an effect on the mental health and religious groups are working to ameliorate those effects. The meaning that people can take away from this presentation on mental health in religion is that participation in religious communities can provide outlets and resources to help people stay mentally positive and happy.

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  Living Through and Dealing with Addiction in Families

  Amelia Grace Vancamp

  Drug Addiction is one of the many leading causes of fatality, mental illness, homelessness, and family tragedy. As much as drug addiction affects an individual, it also affects the family. From being able to see the effects and emotional costs to peers and family members, we can understand drug addiction better and the mental/emotional tolls it inflicts to all involved. The purpose of this study is to educate the public about the hardships families go through when living with someone with addiction. Participants were chosen based on convenience sampling and recommendations from other interviewees. The research explored the accounts of recovering addicts, family members of an addict and those who have known or seen someone’s family go through this family disease. Through an analysis of seven semi-structured interviews, I was able to identify six themes. The six themes seen were different genders instinct approach when trying to help, time and focus not evenly distributed between parents and non-addicted siblings, Families financial strains, lack of trust, and relationships.These findings provide information the community needs to assist families that suffer from this disease.

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  Living Wage in Dayton: Human Rights for Whom?

  Kinsleigh A. Jones, Ahmi' Moore, Christianna J. Surratt

  The purpose of this HRS200 Project is to explore the way in which advocacy work has been done in Dayton, and its surrounding areas, through the concept of Living Wage. Our group is looking to examine the way that administrative assistants, technical staff, and others advocate for their needs, especially in regard to the concept of living wage. The presentation that our group is doing seeks to highlight the research that we have completed for our HRS200 class. We have found material in the Dayton’s City Commission records and the University of Dayton’s Archive files. This research sheds light on Universal Human Rights issues 23 through 25 as well as the UN Global Goals one (No Poverty), three ( Health and Well-Being ), and eight (Decent Work and Economic Growth) . Furthermore, this research is important to our team, our community, and our course because it showcases the way in which worker and economic rights intersect with human rights. A living wage is the foundation to sustain what’s at the base of the UDHR-- free expression, dignity, and liberties that all humans are entitled to. Per our research we have found many connections between human rights and economic justice that the living wage exemplifies.

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  Long Term Inflation Trends and the 2008 Recession; An Empirical Analysis 2001-2019

  Breanne M. Greene, Mary Ann Tully

  In this study, we look at inflation trends pre and post the 2008 "great" recession to determine if there was a recession effect on inflation. The following measures of inflation are used in the study: (1) CIP-ALL, (2) CPI- Less Food and Energy, (3) Personal Consumption Expenditures (PCE), (4) Employment Cost Index (ECI). We test several hypothesis; (1) inflation rates post 2008 recession are lower than inflation rates pre 2008 recession, (2) CPI inflation measures trend higher than PCE measures, (3) ECI cost inflation measures post 2008 rend lower than pre 2008 measures, (4) lower demand poll inflation measures (e.g. CPI-ALL) post 2008 recession are partly due to lower cost push inflation measures (ECI) post 2008 recession.

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  Making Culture-Centered Music Therapists: Resources for Working with Young Adults in Latinx Communities

  Michaela Ann Miller

  This thesis investigates the lack of music therapy literature related to this topic and identifies considerations music therapists should take when working with Latinx communities. I illustrate how social justice and culture-centeredness can be integrated into music therapy practice with the identified communities. I use interviews collected from Latinx university students to learn about the diverse musical preferences and cultures that different members of Latinx communities hold. I describe necessary changes in the American Music Therapy Association’s Competencies for Music Therapists in order to equip music therapy students to better work with diverse populations. Finally, I provide examples of music experiences and hypothetical case studies to demonstrate what music therapy could look like in a culture-centered context with this young adult population. The purpose of this thesis is to make music therapy a more equitable, accessible, and appropriate treatment option for Latinx communities.

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  Marijuana Usage by College Students

  Alec R. Warren

  The usage of marijuana by college students has been a heavily researched topic over the years. In 2017, marijuana usage by college students was at an all time high. Researchers believe that it will continue to rise for a variety of reasons. However, there has been a lack of current up to date research on the topic. The research conducted below offers statistics and answers to a range of questions in regards to college students marijuana usage as well as breaking it down by gender. This quantitative study examines survey responses from 299 undergraduate college students from across the United States. The survey asks questions in regards to marijuana usage and accessibility on their respective campuses. The research findings support the idea that marijuana usage by college students is still at an all time high.

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  Masked Face Analysis via Multitask Learning

  Vatsa Sanjay Patel

  Facial recognition with mask/noise has consistently been a challenging task in computer vision, which involves human wearing a facial mask. Masked Face Analysis via Multi-task learning is a method which will answer to many questions. In this paper, we propose a unifying framework to simultaneously predict human age, gender, and emotions. This method is divided into three major steps; firstly, Creation of the dataset, Secondly, 3 individual classification models used for the system to learn the labelled (Age, Expression and Gender) images, Thirdly, the multi-task learning (MTL) model; which takes the inputs as the data and shares their weight combined and gives the prediction of the person’s (with mask) age, expression and gender. However, this novel framework will give better output then the existing methods.

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  Measured Properties and Possible Applications of Far-From-Equilibrium Systems

  Ryan J. Maguire, Lauren Ashley Stoops

  Self-assembling systems, such as micelles, have a variety of applications in biological organisms. Their unique properties include an ability to achieve a relatively stable, far-from-equilibrium state that in turn yields a number of unique aspects upon an individual system. Distinct properties of a far-from-equilibrium system include unusually low shear-viscosity, a lower degree of packing in the polar head groups, a higher degree of packing in the hydrophilic hydrocarbon chains, and an overall increase in chaos. These properties allow biological systems to conserve heat, especially due to the unique intermolecular interactions demonstrated through the shear-viscosity. These studies provide possible macroscopic uses for micelles and other far-from-equilibrium systems to ultimately reduce the waste heat emitted by humanity and instead utilize this heat as energy, ultimately limiting the impact of human actions on climate change and conserving Earth's ecological systems.

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  Measuring Perceptions of Various Forms of Rehabilitation and Re-entry Programs on Various Types of Offenders and Reducing the Likelihood of Recidivism: A Qualitative Study of Criminal Justice Professionals in Ohio

  Jasmine H. Riechmann

  Research suggests that rehabilitation and reentry programs reduce rates of recidivism for various types of offenders. The study, based on the constructivist paradigm, will use a phenomenological strategy to explain criminal justice professionals’ perceptions of rehabilitation and reentry programs. Participants with experience working with at-risk populations in Ohio were selected for inclusion in the study. Participant experiences and feedback were analyzed to answer the research questions posed in the study. Data collected from each interview and the researcher’s field notes were compared to identify themes.

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  MGI International LLC

  Erin Marie Cavrak, Jack Mcguire, Jack William Purcell, Ashley M. Shaffer

  CRM Development & Launch New York, NY

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  Micronutrient Interactions and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

  Cara Nicole Confer, Kathleen Maireid Curran, Haley Marie Stewart

  Type 2 diabetes mellitus is a chronic condition characterized by insulin resistance, and thus disruption blood glucose homeostasis. Obesity is one of its main risk factors. Type 2 diabetes requires lifestyle change and weight loss to help improve insulin sensitivity. Research suggests many possible interactions between micronutrients and diabetes, displaying how they play a role in prevention and treatment. The goal of this presentation is to discuss and explain these interactions between diabetes and various related micronutrients. A concept map will be used to present the interactions between the nutrients and their relationship to diabetes.

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  mir-277 Targets Hid to Ameliorate Aβ42-mediated Neurodegeneration in Drosophila Eye Model of Alzheimer’s Disease

  Prajakta D. Deshpande

  Alzheimer’s disease (AD), an age-related progressive neurodegenerative disorder, exhibits reduced cognitive functions with no cure to date. One of the reasons for AD is the extracellular accumulation of Amyloid-beta 42 (Aβ42) plaques. Misexpression of human Aβ42 in the developing retina of Drosophila exhibits AD-like neuropathology. Accumulation of Aβ42 plaque(s) triggers aberrant signaling resulting in neuronal cell death by unknown mechanism(s). We screened for microRNAs which post-transcriptionally regulate expression of genes by degrading mRNA of the target genes. In a forward genetic screen using miRNAs, we identified mir-277 as a genetic modifier of Aβ42-mediated neurodegeneration. Gain-of-function of mir-277 rescues Aβ42 mediated neurodegeneration whereas loss-of-function of mir-277 enhances Aβ42 mediated neurodegeneration. Moreover, misexpression of higher levels of mir-277 in the GMR>Aβ42 background restores the retinal axonal targeting indicating functional rescue. Furthermore, we have identified head involution defective (hid) as one of the targets of mir-277 by Fly TargetScan and validated by luciferase assay and qPCR. The hid transcript levels are decreased by one third when mir-277 is misexpressed in the GMR>Aβ42 background in comparison to the GMR>Aβ42 fly model. Here we provide a mechanism of how mir-277 modulates Aβ42-mediated neurodegeneration by regulating hid transcript levels and demonstrate its neuroprotective role in Aβ42-mediated neuropathology.