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  Sugar Choline-Chloride-Based Natural Deep Eutectic Solvents: Effects of Water Content

  Elaina Ismert

  Natural deep eutectic solvents (NADES) are green solvents with a melting point far below both constituent pure molecules due to hydrogen bonding. These solvents have the potential to be applied to the industrial processing of food products, cosmetics, pharmaceuticals, and other extraction processes. In the present study, the characteristics of natural deep eutectic solvents composed of hydrogen bond acceptor choline chloride (ChCl: 2-hydroxyethyl-trimethylammonium chloride), and a hydrogen bond donor saccharide are cataloged. The specific saccharides studied include disaccharides sucrose and lactose, and the monosaccharides glucose and fructose. Four NADES were prepared with varying molar ratios of 1:1, 2:1, and 4:1 ChCl: saccharide solid mixtures, heated at 80°C and mixed under magnetic stirring at 500 RPM from 2 hours to 48 hours depending on the solvent. This work also analyzed the effects of water content on the selected ChCl: saccharides NADES preparation and physical properties. It has been shown that the addition of water decreases hydrogen bonding interactions, reduces viscosity, and increases conductivity. In this work, the four as-prepared ChCl: saccharides were evaluated at varying mass percentages of water, 0, 10, 20, and 30 wt.%. Physical properties were analyzed, including pH, which tended to be neutral, conductivity, and refractive index, which was about 1.5 nD for the ChCl: saccharide NADES prepared at different conditions. The as-prepared NADES conductivity and surface tension were also measured at room temperature, about 20°C. These results showed a dependence on the saccharide type and water content. The stability and flowability of the NADES were analyzed over time through visual inspection, and the rheology will be studied. From the different saccharides studied, this study concludes the ChCl: Fructose natural deep eutectic solvents showed the most promise for environmental-related applications in terms of stability, and ease of formation, with a relatively acidic pH. On the contrary, ChCl: lactose NADES were challenging to prepare and resulted in non-stable solvents.

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  Surgical Reconstructive Techniques Within The Management Of Breast Cancer

  Jessica Garvin

  Did you know that breast cancer is the most common cancer worldwide and the most common cancer diagnosed in the United States? There are currently nearly 4 million women in the United States alone that are diagnosed with breast cancer and as many as 50% of cancer patients who have undergone a mastectomy or lumpectomy elect to have breast reconstruction surgery. Restoring the anatomical wholeness of someone is just as important to a person mentally as it is physically. With the multitude of people that are victims of breast cancer, understanding the different approaches to how the removal of malignant breast tissue is done and how breast reconstruction takes place, has value to learn about. The purpose of this study is to share and explain some of the different approaches breast cancer patients may choose after a lumpectomy or mastectomy to restore anatomical correctness. Among several of the different options available, implant reconstruction is one of the most popular reconstruction techniques. This works by utilizing a breast implant to replace the breast tissue that was removed to restore the original shape and volume. A second widely-used surgical procedure used for reconstruction is autologous reconstruction. Autologous reconstruction is also commonly known as “flap” reconstruction, this works by using skin, fat and sometimes muscle from areas such as the abdomen or buttocks to better resemble breast tissue in look and feel. Fortunately, there are many options for patients that may decide to undergo reconstructive surgery and there are many innovative techniques constantly being discovered. This study is able to educate and also bring awareness to ways that breast cancer can be prevented and also serve as a resource to learn an in-depth understanding of options breast cancer patients have after cancer removal.

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  Sustainability Tourism

  Melissa Weidner

  Part of a course project on intercultural communication, which can be expressed and studied in myriad ways. The students of CMM 316.01 investigated various forms of cultural expression by comparing and contrasting the ways a particular form is used by multiple cultural groups. Specifically, each group researched and presented about the ways food, music, festivals, rituals, dance, clothing, and other artifacts communicate cultural identity in at least two different cultures.

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  Synthesis and characterization of BODIPY single molecule probe for protein conjugation

  Amy Hess, Erin Stuczynski

  A single molecule 4-difluoro-4-bora-3a,4a-diaza-s-indacene (BODIPY) dye designed toconjugate to the peripheral amines of proteins have been synthesized. The syntheticroute taken toward this dye along with characterization by 1 H NMR will be described.This dye offers extraordinary absorption and emission properties within the visibleregion of the electromagnetic spectrum. Details of its spectroscopic properties alongwith first attempts to conjugate this dyes to proteins will be presented.

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  Synthesis of novel nanoparticle embedded biohybrid hydrogels for self-healing bandages

  Venkateswar Rao (presenting author); other authors: Sohini Sengupta, Fajer A. Almanea, Soubantika Palchoudhury (faculty advisor)

  Hydrogels offer a unique material platform for realizing new therapeutic wound healingsubstances such as bandages. They are hydrophilic and consist of three dimensional polymericnetwork that can retain water within their pores while maintaining the structural integrity. A newpolyhydroxymethacrylate (pHEMA) hydrogel modified with various therapeutic metal oxidenanoparticles is reported in this project. The nanoparticles including polymer coated iron oxideand zinc oxides are synthesized via a modified polyol approach. A detailed materialcharacterization of the biohybrid pHEMA hydrogels is conducted via a combination of x-raydiffraction, dynamic light scattering, and scanning electron microscopy to investigate thestructure-property relation of the hydrogels for application in wound dressing.

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  Technological Literacy, Underserved Families, and School Choice: A Critical Race Theory Analysis

  Amber Reeves

  This session will present a completed case study of one school’s struggles to address limited access using digital outreach to families. This qualitative, action research, case study is designed to explore and understand barriers to inclusion, offering research findings help to address that problem of practice. Findings in this study highlight the implications of antiquated organizational structures and policies interfacing with new social realities, resulting in unintentionally exclusionary practices. In the interest of fulfilling adult education’s social justice goals, Critical Race Theory provides a lens to interpret these findings for greater inclusivity. The lessons learned from this study can assist educators in helping organizations improve access to their services, while examining intersections of power and privilege through structural practices. Adult educators and family literacy practitioners confront similar challenges as digital communication and education are a gateway to access social capital leverage and will benefit from this investigation and subsequent work for greater inclusivity.

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  Temperature control

  Varsha Tejaswi Kilaparthi

  We hear about temperature control issues a lot these days. The temperatures in the rooms will alter according to the seasons. Temperatures inside, outdoors, and those of food, heating equipment, and the atmosphere can all be measured. In order to regulate the temperature, you can either heat or chill the space as needed. If you live in the cold north, you might be able to create something that will sound an alarm, turn on the heat, or start moving water when your pipes are about to freeze. So, using the ESP8266, which allows us to perform tasks wirelessly, we will examine how to resolve this temperature-related problem.The main aim of this project is to control the temperature. By using constant temperature in a room, reading can be set up-to a certain value. If the value reached its maximum, the alarm will indicate the system that it is exceeding its limit. On an hourly basis the data readings can be noted in the web service. .

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  The Assumption of Mary across Select Christian Literature in Light of Modern Catholic Church Teaching: 4th to 12th centuries

  Vincent LoBiondo

  This presentation analyzes the Assumption in literature across history with a focus on early Christianity and Medieval Christianity. Using Catholic Church teaching, the presentation will assess the various literature in terms of how well they match to modern day Church doctrine. The presentation will use the modern sources of Munificentissimus Deus, Lumen Gentium, Redemptoris Mater, the Catechism of the Catholic Church, and the early Christian work Panarion by Saint Epiphanius of Salamis as Church teaching and doctrine. Many texts in the beginning of Christianity were often heterodox in nature and are opposed to Church teaching today. Early assumption literature still led rise to the pious acceptance by Catholics during the medieval ages. The texts analyzed in this paper include The Six Books Apocryphon, English Sermon literature, Norse Homiletic books, and various Anti-Jewish Christian literature.

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  The Benefits and Modalities of Successfully Implementing Co-Teaching in Elementary Classrooms

  Megan Nock

  Co-teaching is a style of classroom teaching that emphasizes shared responsibility between teachers for learning. When implemented correctly and with strong administrative support, it provides many benefits, including support for all students’ best interests.

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  The Correlation Between the Nutritional Value of a College-Aged Student's Diet and Their Mental Health

  Jenna Schwabe, Kylee Shroat, Elizabeth Huber, Miles Miller, Ella Weaver

  The purpose of this study was to determine if there is a relationship between a college student's diet and their mental health. An anonymous survey was sent out to University of Dayton students asking them to answer questions regarding demographics, housing, meal plan status, and the nutritional value of their diet. Participants were also asked questions about their mental health such as presence of anxiety, depression, if they are or have sought out professional help, have received a diagnosis, or are currently taking medications.

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  The 'Cultish' Rhetoric of Mark Driscoll

  Phillip Cicero

  This project focuses on the rhetoric utilized by Mark Driscoll in a series of blog posts that appeared on the Mars Hill Church website in late 2001 to early 2002. Using Amanda Montell’s theorization of the rhetorical characteristics of a discourse she calls “Cultish” in her book, Cultish: The Language of Fanaticism, this project identifies the various ways Driscoll’s rhetoric fits within her theorization of “Cultish.” The core of this project is a rhetorical analysis of Driscoll’s blog posts that seeks to demonstrate that his rhetoric mobilizes key characteristics of “Cultish.” Then, using Stuart Hall’s theorization of desire, identification, and investment in popular culture texts along with Judith Butler’s notion of subjectivation (the process by which we are always being constructed as subjects by the rhetoric within which we are immersed), this project will aim to explain how Driscoll’s “Cultish” rhetoric attracts and retains audiences one might expect would reject Driscoll. More specifically, this project will argue that Driscoll’s “Cultish” rhetoric has attracted white men who have felt emasculated and disempowered by neoliberal (and other dominant discourses) during late 20th and early 21st-century American culture by constructing a “Cultish” form of “Christian” identity that aims to give these men a sense of masculine identity, power, and belonging. Driscoll’s rhetoric does this by constructing a homophobic and misogynistic form of “Christian” masculinity that he aggressively advances as the only form of “Christian” masculinity that is “good.” Thus, his rhetoric gives his reader two options: be actively and explicitly homophobic and misogynistic or admit that you have been “pussified” – that is, completely emasculated.

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  The Effects of Mental Illness on Reoffending Among Juvenile Offenders

  Patrick Westendorf, Kevin Cook

  A current issue in our criminal justice system today is determining what factors are linked to criminal behavior and reoffending. One factor that can be taken into consideration is mental illness. It is important to examine research among juvenile offenders to see what factors are linked to reoffending. Past research has shown that juvenile offenders with mental health issues are more likely to reoffend than those without mental health issues. The current study will use the Pathways to Desistance dataset, a longitudinal study with a quantitative approach that examines adolescent offenders as they make their transition to early adulthood. 1,354 individuals from Maricopa County, Arizona or Philadelphia, Pennsylvania while being between the ages of fourteen and eighteen at the time of committing their offense. The participants involved in the study completed a baseline interview, follow-up interviews throughout the course of many months, and release interviews within 30 days of release when held in a residential facility. The sampling technique for Pathways to Desistance is a prospective design where the researchers follow and observe a group of participants over time to track information for their data and to see what outcomes will occur based on the information collected. Factors taken into consideration were age, family structure, ethnicity, and gender to determine whether there was a relationship between mental illness and reoffending. Certain variables were re-coded to make them dichotomous variables.

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  The effects of Values on the case of Henrietta Lacks

  Mykaella Romain

  Henrietta Lacks was an African American woman born in the late 1920s who was diagnosed with cervical cancer. While she was being treated at John Hopkins University hospital in Baltimore her cells were stored and studied without her knowledge leading to one of the biggest medical breakthroughs in history. The HeLa cell line is still used in medicine today since it reproduces indefinitely under the correct circumstances. My class Science, Values and Society looks at scientific research and how select values whether it be from scientists or the public influence how and what we study. For my project I would like to research how values played a role in Lacks treatment and the change of the medical field.

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  The Exponentiated Kumaraswamy-Burr Distribution and its Applications

  Alexander Griffiths

  In light of increased data collection coupled with a growing need for data analysis, we increasingly require more accurate models and lenses to analyze data. In probability theory, statistics, and economics, the Burr distribution is widely used to model household income, insurance risk, crop prices, travel time, flood levels, and failure data. Two well-known methods exist to construct generalized statistical distributions to increase flexibility, including the Kumaraswamy-generated and exponentiated methods. By combining these two methods, in this project, we obtain the Exponentiated Kumaraswamy Burr (EKB) distribution which is a generalization of the Burr distribution. Some statistical properties, including the cumulative distribution function, the probability density function, the hazard function, the moments, and the skewness, are presented. The maximum likelihood method is used to estimate the parameters of the EKB distribution. Finally, the proposed distribution is verified against real data to determine its usefulness, applicability, importance, and flexibility and compare it to other competing distributions.

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  Theft Detection And Engine Lock System Using Arduino.

  Merlin Abraham LNU

  This is a vehicle theft detection and engine lock system using Arduino. As vehicle based transportation is significant in today life for all emergency, societal, household applications we need to provide a solution for safety of the vehicle by an antitheft detection system and engine lock system. By using Global System for Mobile(GSM) technologies, Global Positioning Satellite (GPS) system and in coordination operation with microcontroller the theft detection system operates and it alerts the vehicle alert system. This is a cost effective system and it forms an efficient antivehicle theft system for benefit of the society which is focusing towards Internet of Things(IoT) technologies related applications. 1) INTRODUCTION: Vehicles have become important means of communication as it is essential for transportation of essential commodities from a source location to a destination location. Vehicles in any form need to have proper identification relating safety as vehicle alert and location identification gain importance. Nowadays, vehicle identification, intrusion and theft control system using well known GSM and GPS technologies are being used and it is considered as a possible viable approach. Automated Vehicle based inspection is also becoming significant where Global system for Mobile communications and Global Positioning Tracking System also helped in preventing vehicle theft and location tracking system more efficient and utilized for developing safety systems in addition to radio frequency identification (RFID) systems. Microwave systems are used for further aiding RFID systems where IoT based systems are also nowadays used for vehicle tracking and location identification helping in vehicle identification and preventing vehicle theft. Arduino based systems and Raspberry pi systems have also gained popularity in this related fields of IoT based applications for vehicular safety. Further wireless systems such as sensors in the form of wireless sensor networks have useful in IoT systems. 2)PROPOSED SYSTEM: Research works of have given various information on vehicle identification, alert, GSM and GPS based vehicle location tracking systems. The proposed system uses Arduino Uno, Accelerometer, GSM module, GPS module, LCD display, Relay, Buzzer and DC motor and buzzer. CONCLUSION :Vehicle theft detection is very important for the society where transportation is essential. From the given system in this work safety can be achieved and it is also system with very less maintenance cost. Using this system work for theft detection future applications can be developed and it is vital for IoT oriented system applications.

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  The Holy Family

  Kiley Blatt, Anna Gagliardo and Kacey Moyna

  Students in the CMM 357 Religious Rhetoric course were given the choice to choose a statue, building, space/place on campus that is marked as a religious text/artifact or propose a new object of visual rhetoric in order to analyze using the rhetorical theories from class. Thier analyses employ a variety of rhetorical theories and concepts discussed in class during the semester. Each group collaborated to answer the question: how does this artifact/text rhetorically communicate and construct religious identity at UD?

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  The Impact of Peer Influence on Juvenile Recidivism

  Arabella Loera, Claudia Vanzandt

  This study analyzes the impact of peer influence on juvenile recidivism. It is essential to understand the specific patterns of reoffending to improve efforts on reforming the juvenile justice system. Previous research has focused on certain indicators that predict juvenile reoffending. This study focuses on peer influences as the most significant predictor of recidivism for juveniles. For the purposes of this study, peer influence is analyzed by looking at the resistance to peer influence, antisocial influences and behaviors present in juvenile offenders, race/ethnicity, and gender.

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  The Impact of Physical Activity Following ACL Reconstructive Surgery on Recovery in Collegiate Athletes

  Samantha Crew, Andres Sanchez, Logan Davis, Millicent Azbill

  In recent decades, it has been increasingly common for athletes to suffer injuries of the anterior cruciate ligament (ACL). Typically, individuals who undergo reconstructive surgery of the ACL will also undergo some sort of physical therapy or physical activity treatment to help the ligament heal and recover efficiently. The goal of this study was to assess the overall impact of different physical activity levels following reconstructive surgery of the ACL and the impact it can have on the recovery process in collegiate athletes. A anonymous survey was sent out to participants to obtain information on the type of graft used in surgery, the participants activity levels following surgery, and how these factors may have contributed to a better or worse recovery process overall.

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  The Importance of Event Marketing in the Entertainment Industry

  Alissa Pampena

  The aim of this research is to gain insight from professionals in the industry of sports marketing, achieve hands-on experience within my role at UD, and ultimately, to implement the information received to both my current and future roles proficiently in my professional livelihood. Additionally, to provide others with research to discover new parts of the sports marketing industry that may be unfamiliar otherwise. The overarching focus of this presentation is the significance of fan loyalty, as well as media presence in modern sports.

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  The Influence of Italian Food and Architecture

  Erika Christie, Jenna Borrelli, Connor Fritzsche

  Part of a course project on intercultural communication, which can be expressed and studied in myriad ways. The students of CMM 316.01 investigated various forms of cultural expression by comparing and contrasting the ways a particular form is used by multiple cultural groups. Specifically, each group researched and presented about the ways food, music, festivals, rituals, dance, clothing, and other artifacts communicate cultural identity in at least two different cultures.

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  The Intersection Between Preferred News Source, Region, and Importance Level of Community Involvement

  Annette Klausing, Yana Crossland, Tania Chanda

  It is no secret that the rise of social media platforms and how they affect the public has been a topic of interest to academics and the average person. In the past presidential election cycle (particularly in the backdrop of the COVID-19 pandemic), there has been much discourse surrounding the interaction between social media and the sharing of information, credibility of news sources, community involvement, and political discourse. Using publicly available data through the Inter-university Consortium for Political and Social Research (2013), this study aims to look for differences in personal importance of the level of community involvement based on preferred political news sources, as well as examine the relationship between reported importance of the level of community involvement and region.

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  The pros and cons of conspecifics; How predator exposure impacts anti-predator behavior in platyfish between the sexes

  Lauren Roy, Emma Nash, Elizabeth Rhodes, Grace Jackson

  Antipredator behavior often fits into three categories: escape, aggression, and freezing. There are multiple studies which point to differences in these responses between males and females. Rainbow Platys are an excellent model organism for this study, as they are sexually dimorphic and very active, allowing us to clearly see behavioral differences. We studied antipredator behavior of males alone, females alone, and both together when temporarily exposed to a predator threat. We recorded behavior both before and after a simulated predator threat. It is important to understand how individual and conspecific interactions affect a fish's ability to successfully evade predators, and to examine the differences and similarities between male and female behavior in anti-predator maneuvers. Sex differences in antipredator behavior is extremely important because males and females act in different ways when introduced to a predator. We found that, after predator exposure, female Platys spend significantly more time frozen than compared to males. We also found that, after a predator stimulus, males spend more time freezing when alone compared to when they are with a female.

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  The Rainbow (Darter) Connection: Darter population and diversity as bioindicators in the Dayton area

  Lauren Roy

  The conditions of water quality in our rivers and waterways drastically impacts the organisms inhabiting them, with low water quality, reducing the fitness of the individual in many ways. It is important to both understand and document the conditions organisms are in.To better understand the impacts of water quality on the organisms in their environment, I went out to the five rivers surrounding Dayton and performed catch-and-release field work on Darters, which are part of the Etheostomatinae family. Darters are a very common Ohio river fish that are excellent indicators of water quality due to their intolerance of pollution. The quality of the water that these darters are living in varies greatly, as both outfalls into the river and wastewater treatment plants can release water full of pesticides, pharmaceuticals, and various metals. I used a seine net to catch the darters, identify the species and sex as well as take measurements of their length and weight to compare to other sites that vary in water quality parameters. I also collected macroinvertebrates along a restoration site on the wolf creek river to assess the quality of the water before the restoration occurs, and to match macroinvertebrate abundance to darter abundance. The data collected will provide information on darter populations, diversity, and success in correlation with outfalls and wastewater output in the Dayton area, reflecting the overall quality of the local ecosystem.

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  The Role Extralegal Factors Have on Convictions

  Shane McGriff

  The United States of America's justice system has grown to become a very flawed and biased system over time. There are issues in certain parts of the justice system that are more flawed than others, such as the connection between rehabilitation and mental health, and the 'mandatory minimum sentences' that come with certain offenses. Additionally, extralegal factors can be unintentionally used negatively to determine the sentence length for convictions. The possibility of these disparities leave room to disprove the idea that all men/women are treated equally under the eyes of the law. Research studies can pinpoint connections and patterns between sentence length and extra-legal factors. In this study I plan to examine the Survey of Prison Inmates from 2016 to do just that, to find these connection and patterns in the American prison system. For this study I will use a negative binomial regression to see the effect that each characteristic of the independent variables has on the dependent variable.

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  The Sensationalization of Domestic Abuse: Televised Celebrity Trials

  Madlyn Hansen

  In 2016, after being married for just over a year, Amber Heard filed for divorce from her then-husband Johnny Depp, citing irreconcilable differences. Heard was granted a temporary restraining order against Depp after alleging he had physically abused her throughout their fifteen-month-long marriage. The following year, Heard wrote an op-ed for The Washington Post titled “I spoke up against sexual violence — and faced our culture’s wrath. That has to change.”, in which she discusses being abused in her lifetime and urges others to fight against sexual violence perpetrated against women. Depp sued Heard in 2019 for $50 million on claims of defamation despite never being mentioned by name in the piece. Depp lost this case and requested an appeal but was denied. In April of 2022, Court TV announced that they would be televising the $100 million libel suit between Depp and Heard. This televised trial of public figures granted everyday citizens a look into a libel case with domestic abuse being claimed by both parties. Immediately after the first hearing, thousands of videos containing uninformed opinions began circulating around social media platforms like TikTok, Facebook, and Instagram that would continue to be made throughout the trial. Following the verdict, journalist Jon Lafayette reports that “the verdict in the … trial drew more than 500,000 viewers to Court TV, the largest audience since the network was relaunched by the E.W. Scripps Co. in 2019.” It is arguable that Court TV’s decision to televise the case was in some part informed by their need and want for higher viewership. Televising the case of Depp vs. Heard and other celebrity trials surrounding domestic abuse can create an environment for victims that discourages speaking out, getting help, or seeking justice.