Stander Symposium: Projects with UD Institutional Learning Goals

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Powering Pollinators: Visitation and Abundance of Pollinators in a Solar Prairie Buffer Zone

Madison Blythe, Caroline Deerwester, Madelyn Moore, Emily Walker

Renewable energy, including solar energy, is becoming more prevalent across the U.S.. Creating sites for solar arrays can be damaging to ecosystems due to the need to clear and remove vegetation. One of the techniques to minimize ecological impact in these solar arrays is the formation of solar prairies beneath and surrounding the panels. Since these are novel ecosystems, their affect on wildlife has not been studied extensively. Pollinator species are of special interest due to their implications for agriculture and ecosystem services. To increase the knowledge of pollinator usage of a solar prairie, we investigated insect pollinator visitation at the University of Dayton’s solar prairie (Curran Place). To test this, we categorized the solar array at Curan Place into full sun, partial shade, and full shade microclimates and conducted point counts at randomly selected Canada goldenrod stalks. We recorded the number of flowering heads present on each of these stalks. Pollinator visitation rates were recorded over one-minute intervals, and visitors were classified into major pollinator groups, including bees, wasps, flies, and beetles. To better understand which bees and wasps are pollinating Canada goldenrod at Curran Place, we used passive netting to collect various specimens in each microclimate and identify them to the genus level. Our data found that pollinator visitations were higher in microclimates that contained Goldenrod stalks with more flowering heads, as well as increased visitations on days with warmer temperatures. Our findings contribute to an understanding of how microclimate factors shape pollinator distributions, with implications for habitat management and pollinator conservation with the increasing climate for solar energy.
Precision in Focus: Demonstrating the Capabilities and Accuracy of Camera Arrays

Qingyu Ren

This poster presents a novel camera array system that achieves sub-millimeter accuracy (<1mm) through absolute synchronization across all imaging sensors. The system is primarily designed for capturing moving objects, its robust feature extraction algorithms allow it to reliably process and work with blurred inputs when they occur. With a lightweight architecture that facilitates seamless integration with drone platforms, the system offers versatile applicability across diverse domains including aerial surveying, surveillance, and industrial inspection. Experimental evaluations confirm that even under conditions that introduce image blur, the system maintains high precision and performance.
Predicting the Home Field Advantage in the NFL

Samuel Limbert

Home-field advantage has always been an important talking point used to predict the outcome of NFL games. This project aims to develop a predictive model for forecasting NFL home team victories using different machine learning techniques. By analyzing historical game data, team performance metrics, player statistics, weather conditions, and betting odds, this project seeks to identify the key factors that contribute to predicting NFL games. Various machine learning algorithms including, logistic regression, quadratic discriminant analysis, and linear discriminant analysis are utilized to determine the most accurate predictive approach.
Predictors of Desistance in Antisocial Behavior from Childhood to Adolescence: A Prospective, Longitudinal Investigation

Julia Butler, Daniel Georgesen, Kari Powers, Grace Schneider, Oluwayemisi Tayo-Ayorinde

Childhood conduct problems are a reliable predictor of delinquency in adolescence. However, many children desist in their antisociality between these periods. Much work has been done to identify risk and protective factors for antisociality in childhood and adolescence, but less is known about the factors that predict discontinuities in antisociality. This study examined a wide range of dispositional, familial, peer, and sociodemographic factors that might predict desistance in antisociality from childhood to adolescence. Prospective links from these variables to patterns of continuity versus discontinuity in antisociality from childhood to late adolescence were tested in a large, socioeconomically diverse sample of adolescents from across the United States.
Preschool Attendance Post-COVID related to Child Executive Functioning Skills and School Readiness

Kaitlyn Hripko

Child executive functioning skills and school readiness have been greatly impacted by the COVID-19 pandemic, working to reduce rates of early childhood education attendance. This paper will delve into the relationship between early childhood education (ECE) and school readiness, including executive functioning (EF) development, demographic information, socioeconomic status (SES), and school attendance rates post-COVID for early childhood education, in relation to EF skill development. Previous research has claimed that individuals who have attended early childhood education typically yield greater results of executive functioning skills and school readiness in working memory, inhibition, and cognitive processing, and greater ECE attendance post-COVID, if individuals are of a dominant social group, and have a high familial SES. Participants and research methods include data collection and analysis of material (such as child assessments and KRA data) from child executive functioning skills in math, reading, and vocabulary, collected from the Preschool Promise Research Assessors Program. Once precise data analysis and computations are conducted, our findings aim to predict that children who score higher on school readiness and EF skill development, will likely have more access to resources in their environment, and further will be more likely to attend early childhood educational programs post-COVID. Findings in this study are applicable to many facets of early childhood education, recognizing some children may have systemic and demographic barriers that prevent them from developing proper EF skills. We must work to implement solutions and strategies to ensure resources are available to boost learning, school readiness, and ECE attendance post-COVID in all children, including children who may be experiencing systemic and demographic barriers. We aim to critically evaluate this dilemma through a culturally sensitive lens.
Pros and Cons of Online Learning

Sophia Mitchell

There are many differences in online learning environments vs traditional learning in school. Everyone learns differently and has different preferences for their learning environment. Online learning has grown dramatically over the years in classrooms. Experiences in the classroom that increase student engagement and learning outcomes for online learning are explored.
Quantitative Analytical Methods for Real Time Lie Detection Using Eye Gaze and Biometric Sensors

Sean Davy, Nathaniel Doll, Lexie Kemble, Meredith Tropeano, Audrey Zelczak

This poster provides a summary of an IRB approved research study on the optical response of the human eye using a GazePoint eye tracking system and biometrics hardware. Pupil dilation, gaze position, blink rate, and reaction time were recorded for human subjects in response to various visual and auditory stimuli on a computer screen. In addition, EEG, heart rate, blood pressure, and galvanic skin response were recorded using a suite of simultaneous biosensors. The experimental tasks were designed with varying levels of complexity and included both memory-recall and computational tasks for truth and deception scenarios. The overall aim of this study was to identify establish baseline physiological data sets across multiple demographics, which can be used in the future to advance forensic diagnostic methodologies using quantitative analysis and machine learning for various types of neuroscience applications, including lie detection.
Radicle Restoration: Growing Native Plant Seedlings for Changing Landscapes

Madelyn Moore

In the wake of great anthropogenic change in the landscape across eastern North America, there is a need for ecological restoration. Forests, in particular, are struggling due to the decline of previously dominant tree species and the need to protect the understory from persistent invasion. Forests cannot follow the typical path of natural development through secondary succession due to the interference of invasive species. Invasive species thrive in disturbed habitats, and they have a variety of adaptations that allow them to outcompete native species. Invasive species removal alone leads to their return to previously invaded sites. Instead, invasive removal should be coupled with native planting, and some of these natives can take niche spaces and provide resistance to reinvasion. To give native species as much advantage over invasive species as possible, high amounts of care should be taken in the production of saplings for restoration. Collecting localized seeds ensures that the saplings will be adapted to soil and weather conditions similar to those of the restoration site. Potted saplings with straight, healthy root systems perform better than bare-root saplings under transplant stress. With these ideas in mind, the goal of this project is to start up a native sapling repository for key woody species for use in future restoration projects. This project is based in Ginny’s Garden Greenhouse at the University of Dayton and involves seed collection, germination, and sapling management for a variety of native woody species. Some species include oaks (Quercus), buckeyes (Aesculus), hickories (Carya), spicebush (Lindera benzoin), paw paw (Asimina triloba), and flowering dogwood (Cornus florida). Over one hundred seedlings have been germinated since the project's inception, and over two thousand seeds have been collected for the advancement of this project. Outplanting for the project will begin in the spring of 2025.
Reason, Revenge, and Ruin: Masculinity Unraveled in Poe’s Dupin, Montresor, and "The Tell-Tale Heart"

Abdulrahman Alzahrani

Edgar Allan Poe’s fiction does not merely depict masculinity—it dissects it, revealing its contradictions, fragilities, and shifting dimensions. This project examines how Poe constructs masculinity through the figures of C. Auguste Dupin, Montresor, and the narrator of “The Tell-Tale Heart”, each of whom embodies a distinct yet interwoven facet of male identity. Dupin’s intellect asserts dominance through analytical mastery, positioning reason as the ultimate form of power. Montresor, bound by honor and vengeance, operates within a rigid framework of masculine control, his calculated violence reflecting an obsessive need to maintain authority. Meanwhile, the narrator of “The Tell-Tale Heart” epitomizes masculinity’s descent into instability—his obsession with control spirals into self-destruction, exposing the fragility beneath his performance of power. Through a close analysis of “The Murders in the Rue Morgue”, “The Purloined Letter”, “The Mystery of Marie Rogêt”, “The Cask of Amontillado”, and “The Tell-Tale Heart”, this study interrogates how Poe deconstructs traditional ideals of masculinity, revealing it as a construct that is neither fixed nor infallible. Poe’s characters do not simply embody strength or weakness; they exist in the space between, caught in the tension between dominance and collapse, reason and madness. This project ultimately argues that Poe’s portrayal of masculinity is not a celebration but an autopsy—an unflinching examination of power’s instability and the inevitable unraveling that follows its pursuit.
Recentering the Human in Migration: A Season in France

Lila Acott

Too often, the mainstream, typical narrative of migration is reduced to images of anonymous swarms of people on overcrowded boats arriving on European shores, posing a risk to sovereign borders and as a looming threat to national security. This presentation examines how Mahamat-Saleh Haroun’s film, Une Saison en France (translated “A Season in France”), critiques major narratives about immigration and the faults of immigration systems while simultaneously humanizing the lived experience of immigrants. Haroun challenges such stereotypes by focusing on the case of the Mahadjir family, refugees from the Central African Republic, who seek asylum in France. In many ways, the film highlights the stress and difficulties of immigration regarding housing, security, and legal status. All the while, the audience is immersed into their daily lives, becoming familiar with each character’s wishes, hopes, and dreams. As a result, Haroun humanizes the Mahadjirs and creates space for a connection to be built between the characters and the audience. Ultimately, A Season in France, critically exposes the difficulty of the immigration system for its erasure of migrants often to the most extreme degree, forcing many to disappear.
Re-evolution of keratinized mouthparts in the tadpoles of two microhylid frogs

Jacob Szafranski

Within the family Microhylidae, only two genera are reported to have keratinized mouthparts: Scaphiophryne of Madagascar and Otophryne of South America. Based on our current understanding of the frog tree of life, it is possible that these two lineages have independently "re-evolved" keratinized mouthparts after the ancestor of microhylids lost these feeding structures. To evaluate this hypothesis, we are 1) generating histological data for both genera to confirm that the cellular microanatomy of the jaw sheaths is comparable to other tadpoles, typically defined by a stacked column of proliferating cells and 2) using phylogenetic comparative methods to evaluate whether these lineages re-evolved keratinized jaw sheaths in violation of Dollo’s law of irreversibility. This law posits that a complex trait lost over evolutionary time cannot be regained in the same form. This project will provide new insights into the constraints and flexibility of trait evolution in anurans.
Refining an in vitro approach to study the interactions between transcription factors and the DNA-binding sites that regulate gene expression

Joseph Kash, Devon Seibert

The regulation of gene expression is essential to animal development, physiology, and behavior. Mutations that alter gene expression are a major contributor to phenotypic variation, including evolutionary diversity, disease risk, and genetic disease. Hence understanding the molecular mechanism by which regulation occurs and evolves is of high interest. One general mechanism by which gene expression is regulated is through the selective interaction of transcription factor proteins with short DNA sequences that function as binding sites in the gene regions where control is imparted. These interactions have been traditionally studied in vitro through the production and purification of proteins and testing their interaction with potential binding site sequences in Electrophoretic Mobility Shift Assays or EMSAs. While effective, the traditional methods have been hit or miss, costly, and tedious. This research project is exploring different purification strategies and EMSA methods to make the characterization of transcription factor binding sites more efficient.
Rehabilitation programs and their effectiveness on reducing recidivism and arrest rates among juveniles

Matthew Pochatek

For this research project, I aim to explore various rehabilitation programs, with a focus on substance abuse treatment and mental health counseling, to assess their impact on juvenile recidivism. The primary research question I seek to answer is: Do rehabilitation programs reduce recidivism and arrest rates among juveniles, and if so, to what extent? The key outcome I intend to measure is the proportion of juveniles who, after participating in specific rehabilitation programs, either offend or re-offend. I will gather evidence of effectiveness for each rehab program and compare them. The independent variable in this study is the type of facility treatment received by individuals, such as mental health counseling or drug and alcohol rehabilitation. The dependent, or responding variable, is the recidivism rate among juveniles who have undergone treatment. Recidivism is defined as "a tendency to relapse into a previous condition or mode of behavior," and within criminology, it specifically refers to "the recurrence of criminal behavior, particularly following punishment"
Religion and mental health around the world: Similarities and differences

Aiden Grumbos, Jack Ishmael, Kenna Ryan

This is a literature review exploring how religion influences people's mental health and the similarities and differences seen in the ways different religions address mental health issues.
Research Paper Quality Recognition

Sadwik Gummadavelli

Knowledge and innovations are shaped by using the quality and credibility of the scientific research. There always remains a challenge how to distinguish between impactful high-quality research and flawed. This project proposes a very systematic approach to classifying the research papers into good and bad categories where bad papers are those retracted from journals or conference proceedings and good papers are characterized by high citation counts. We explore the underlying factors that contribute to a papers scholarly influence or its eventual rejection by analyzing by citation patterns publication meta data and retraction records. We used machine learning models and feature extraction techniques to identify anomalies, trends and potential predictors of research quality. The findings of our study insights into highlighting the importance of citation behavior, the dynamics of academic publishing and scientific accountability. This study adds to the larger conversation about academic impact evaluation and lays the groundwork for automated tools that can help assess the reliability of research papers.
Resolving the function and evolution for two transcription factor genes that pattern a sexually dimorphic fruit fly pigmentation trait

Logan A Brubaker, Hayley Long, Allison Pavlus

Animal morphological traits develop through the actions of and evolve through changes in genomic-encoded Gene Regulatory Networks or GRNs. Therefore, a robust understanding of the evolutionary developmental biology of traits requires knowledge about the architecture of GRNs and how such architecture evolves. Generally speaking, GRNs are hierarchical in structure, with their highest tier consisting of regulatory genes like transcription factors and the lowest tier consisting of the realizator genes whose encoded proteins end up making the trait. For several evo-devo model traits, some of the regulatory and realizator tier genes are known and their evolution have been chronicled. However, the architecture and evolution of an entire GRN has remained out of reach. This includes the GRN responsible for the sexually dimorphic pigmentation on the abdomens of Drosophila fruit flies. Here, new insights will be shared for two upper-tier transcription factors in the Drosophila melanogaster abdomen pigmentation GRN whose function and evolution have remained mostly un-studied.
Response of Bats to Solar Energy Developments

Connor Kurz

Solar energy developments are highly beneficial to renewable energy production, yet can fragment wildlife habitat and can affect sensitive mammal species, such as bats. Information on how bats are affected by renewable energy developments is well known for wind energy but very limited for solar energy. Ohio is home to 11 different bat species all with different traits, and all of them state protected. To better understand the response of bats to solar energy developments, we used acoustic monitoring techniques to record bat activity during the summer and fall at solar (n=5), forested (n=3), and prairie (n=3) sites. Bat activity was quantified using the number of passes per night and we used generalized linear mixed models to examine the relationship between activity and different environmental and site covariates. Using the same approach, we also examined species richness and diversity. Overall, we predict that solar energy developments will have a negative effect on bat activity and species composition compared to natural sites due to the reduced habitat complexity and therefore insect diversity. Our study will provide valuable insights on bat ecology in relation to sustainable energy and help inform on how to best mitigate and manage any impacts of these developments on bats in western Ohio.
Roman Aesthetics as Symbols of Power

Camden Daley

Since the fall of Rome, political movements have drawn upon its aesthetics to project power and instill pride in their base. This research explores why leaders and governments emulate Roman symbols and architecture, arguing that these choices serve as a deliberate strategy to inspire confidence and establish authority. By invoking Rome, political entities seek to connect themselves to a legacy of strength, stability, and imperial grandeur. This study examines three case studies: the United States, Napoleonic France, and Fascist Italy. These three examples will serve to analyze how each adapted Roman imagery to suit its political ambitions. The United States, in its founding, adopted neoclassical architecture and the Roman eagle. This is shown in Kumar’s (2017) “The Idea of Empire,” in which he describes America as being akin to the grandeur of Rome. Napoleon Bonaparte used Roman triumphal arches and imperial symbols to emulate the aesthetics associated with Roman emperors and conquerors. Mussolini, in his quest to restore Italian greatness, explicitly tied his regime to Rome, employing the use of the fasces and monumental architecture to evoke imperial dominance. This is most apparent through the Italian EUR complex, which combined modern and Roman architectural styles in order to emulate the appearance of Roman spaces, as explored in Muller’s (2012) “The imperial mirror: Rome as reference for empire.” This research demonstrates how aesthetics serve as more than decoration, they function as powerful political tools, shaping public perception and reinforcing authority. The study contributes to broader discussions on the role of historical identity in political messaging, emphasizing how the past continues to shape modern expressions of power.
Roommate Selection Methods & Satisfaction: Does Choice Make A Difference?

Colleen G Hogan, Ava Jacomet, Maria Shomo, Mary Stephens

This study examines the relationship between the roommate selection method and student satisfaction with their housing experience at the University of Dayton. Specifically, it investigates whether students who choose their roommates through Dayton Matching, social media, or other means report higher levels of satisfaction with their living conditions. By analyzing these factors, this research aims to provide insight into how different selection methods influence students’ housing experiences and whether having control over the choice of a roommate leads to greater satisfaction.
Saturn Sports Business Pitch

Henry Veeneman

This presentation features a startup business pitch by senior Hank Veeneman, founder and CEO of Saturn Sports. Founded by University of Dayton students, Saturn Sports is dedicated to advancing sports safety through innovative technology. Their current focus is enhancing helmet security in football, recognizing that a properly tightened chinstrap is crucial for player protection. Many athletes fail to fully secure their chinstraps, increasing the risks of injury. Saturn Sports is developing a cutting-edge solution to ensure proper chinstrap tightening, improving safety and reducing injuries at all levels of the game.
Seamless AR Safety Training

Abhijeet Gupta

The construction industry remains one of the most hazardous sectors, with a worker losing their life every 99 minutes due to work-related incidents. Despite ongoing advancements in safety protocols, training programs, and regulations, the industry continues to struggle with preventable hazards, particularly falls, electrocutions, and struck-by incidents. Traditional safety measures, including PPE, signage, and worker training, often fall short due to complacency, distractions, and limited real-time hazard awareness. To address these challenges, technology-driven safety solutions are becoming increasingly essential. This study aims to develop an advanced construction safety framework that leverages Augmented Reality (AR) simulations to enhance hazard recognition and safety training. By creating realistic, interactive hazard scenarios, workers can experience high-risk situations in a controlled, immersive environment, leading to improved hazard awareness and response. The AR simulations will focus on four primary hazards—falling, tripping, electrocution, and falling objects—using computer vision and AI-driven hazard detection for real-time safety training. In addition to developing the AR-based framework, this research will systematically review and evaluate twelve emerging safety technologies to assess their effectiveness in preventing construction hazards. These include – Building Information Modeling (BIM), Augmented Reality (AR) & Virtual Reality (VR), Drones, Computer Vision, Wearable Sensors, Internet of Things (IoT) Devices, Predictive Analytics, Proximity Alert Systems, AI/Machine Learning (AI/ML), Safety Management Systems, Digital Twins, Robotics & Automation. The study will construct a technology taxonomy to categorize these solutions and conduct a comparative analysis of pre-2020 and post-2020 research, highlighting how recent advancements have addressed prior limitations. By integrating real-time hazard detection using AR with a comprehensive review of emerging safety technologies, this research aims to provide insights for improving construction safety standards, reducing major workplace fatalities, and enhancing worker training and preparedness.
Self-Supervised Contrastive Learning for BCI system

Abdulbasit Alhinqari

As the demand for various AI applications continues to grow in importance for futuristic aspects of life, non-invasive Brain-Computer Interfaces (BCIs) are expected to become one of the top priorities. BCIs enable humans to control surrounding equipment and devices through a direct communication link from the brain. These systems often rely on the classification of Electroencephalogram (EEG) signals, which are recordings of human brain activity. Given this potential, an increasing number of researchers and scientists are focusing on this field.Traditionally, various algorithms have relied on manual feature extraction to classify EEG datasets. However, recent advancements in Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) and deep learning architectures have demonstrated significant success in tasks such as computer vision, natural language processing, and contextual analysis, largely due to their ability to perform automatic feature extraction. Despite their success in other domains, these methods still struggle to generalize effectively on EEG signals due to their non-stationary and random nature.This work focuses on EEG-based BCI systems that leverage CNNs and deep learning tools. Specifically, it explores the application of self-supervised contrastive learning techniques for the classification of motor imagery (MI) actions.
Senegal as a Case Study: Africa’s Economic Shifts in a Globalized World

Julie Pugh

This presentation examines the economic transformation of Senegal, focusing specifically on how the state is navigating its evolving relationships with foreign influences such as France, China, and international institutions. As a former French colony, Senegal continues to confront structural economic dependencies that tie its success to the West, particularly through its currency and the presence of French multinational corporations. At the same time, rising world powers, such as China, have become increasingly important in the region as they aim to exert influence previously held by colonial powers through infrastructure deals and trade partnerships that impact Senegal’s economic policies, investments, and labor markets –raising new questions about economic sovereignty. These external pressures loom large as Senegal pursues economic diversification, labor market reforms, and regional integration in response to demographic changes and in an attempt to assert greater control over its economic future. Previous research on postcolonial African economies has examined structural dependencies and foreign investment patterns, but this presentation seeks both to provide a contemporary perspective on how Senegal is responding to shifts in global power and looking to promote a sustainable economic future. In doing so, this presentation draws on a range of sources, including economic and policy reports from international organizations, scholarly analyses of African economic development, and recent news and think tank publications. Ultimately, this presentation seeks to utilize Senegal as a valuable lens through which broader conclusions on Africa’s economic modernization and position in a shifting global order can be drawn.
Shielded RL: A Safe Reinforcement Learning Concept

Shruti Singh

Artificial Intelligence (AI) continues to be a part of our everyday life in ways one thoughtimpossible. From instantly curated music playlists and virtual experiences to autonomousvehicles on the roads, everyday life has become intertwined with AI’s remarkablecapabilities. A significant driving force behind these advancements is reinforcement learning(RL), a field of AI that excels at conquering challenging tasks through interactions withdynamic environments. Its adaptability has inspired solutions—from steering driverless carsand maneuvering robot fleets to managing warehouse logistics and guiding patienttreatments—reinforcement learning effortlessly demonstrates its power across diversedomains. Unfortunately, similar to any popular field, RL-based systems also draw theattention of malicious actors who look for cracks in these sophisticated models. Inhigh-stakes situations, malicious noise injected at precisely the right time can compromisethe integrity of an RL system, leading to potentially disastrous outcomes. Think of aself-driving car receiving deceptive signals about obstacles or lane markings—turning whatshould be a smooth journey into a hazard for passengers and pedestrians alike. This kind ofstrategic tampering, known as an adversarial attack, can derail an RL agent if we fail to usetailored defense mechanisms. Although there is no universal, foolproof remedy foradversarial onslaughts, developing strategies that detect, evaluate, and counter suchthreats—based on the specific needs and vulnerabilities of a given system—forms thebedrock of robust protection. This brings us to the idea of shielded reinforcement learning(shielded RL), which acts like a security gate that stands between the learning agent andpotential disaster. Much like the way we described adversarial attacks in everyday terms,shielded RL can be understood as a “safety net” for the agent: it continually monitorspossible actions and prevents reckless or unsafe choices before they become catastrophic.In other words, while the RL agent learns by trial and error, the shield remainsever-vigilant—subtly guiding it around pitfalls and ensuring that it does not stray intodangerous territory. By embracing shielded RL, we can build robust reinforcement learningsystems that not only perform impressively, but also stay safe against determined attackers.
SHIFT: Portfolio Show at Stander Symposium

Avery Bocock, Kevin Brun, Noah Davisson, Sebastian De Leon Osorio, Mary Dent, Elaina Doggett, Erin Doherty, Isa Evans, Jillian Fahey, Kevin Figueroa, Laurel Grelle, Maggie Grunden, Quinn Heisey, Emily Kintz, Katherine Lawlor, Elaina Lear, John Maloney, Ava Mendenhall, Lucy Miles, Jordan Mitchell, Maddison Mitchell, Catherine Orban, Jacob Owens, Jonathan Quiroz, Hannah Schultz, Madelyn Selong, Isabella Winkler

This Capstone event includes all 25 seniors graduating in 2025 with a degree in Graphic Design presenting the culmination of their coursework within and beyond the Department of Art and Design. Students will share their portfolios—research, creative process, and outcomes—in the context of a formal presentation of both classroom and real-world projects. Work will be shared simultaneously.